中文摘要：全球农产品(如动物饲料)贸易需要监测真菌毒素，以及鲜为人知的隐蔽和新兴毒素及代谢物。本文分析了从52个国家采集的1926份样品中的毒素及代谢物。结果表明超过25%的大量农产品受到FAO建议的霉菌毒素的污染，当然这一定程度上是由于本调查所用的检测下限较低；其中B型单端孢的污染比例为7.1-79%，而ZEN为88%。
外文摘要：Global trade of agricultural commodities (e.g., animal feed) requires monitoring for fungal toxins. Also, little is known about masked and emerging toxins and metabolites. 1926 samples from 52 countries were analysed for toxins and metabolites. Of 162 compounds detected, up to 68 metabolites were found in a single sample. A subset of 1113 finished feed, maize and maize silage samples containing 57 compounds from 2012 to 2015 from 44 countries was investigated using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) and fumonisins showed large increases of annual medians in Europe. Within a region, distinct trends were observed, suggesting importance of local meteorology and cultivars. In 2015, median DON concentrations increased to 1400 μ g·kg - 1 in Austria, but were stable in Germany at 350 μ g·kg - 1 . In 2014, enniatins occurred at median concentrations of 250 μ g·kg - 1 in Europe, at levels similar to DON and ZEN. The latter were frequently correlated with DON-3-glucoside and ZEN-14-sulfate. Co-occurrence of regulated toxins was frequent with e.g., enniatins, and moniliformin. Correlation was observed between DON and DON-3-glucoside and with beauvericin. Results indicate that considerably more than 25% of agricultural commodities could be contaminated with mycotoxins as suggested by FAO, although this is at least partly due to the lower limits of detection in the current survey. Observed contamination percentages ranged from 7.1 to 79% for B trichothecenes and 88% for ZEN.
外文关键词：mycotoxin；secondary metabolites；survey；global；masked mycotoxins；emerging mycotoxins；concentration data
作者：Kovalsky, P；Kos, G；Nahrer, K；Schwab, C；Jenkins, T；Schatzmayr, G；Sulyok, M；Krska, R
作者单位：BIOMIN Res Ctr
期刊名称：TOXINS
期刊影响因子：3.571
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：12
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