中文摘要：脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）主要由禾谷镰刀菌复合菌产生，后者是一类重要的植物病原菌，能感染农作物，造成严重的赤霉病(FHB)。作为最常见的B型单端孢霉烯毒素，DON对人畜有毒，构成食品安全风险。为此，做了种种努力以控制DON污染。最近，通过木霉管理DON的产生作为生物控制策略受到了高度的重视。本研究选择了8株木霉，通过马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)培养基与禾谷镰刀菌共培养，评估其抗菌活性。作为潜在的抗菌剂，木霉对禾谷镰刀菌的菌丝生长和产毒有显著的抑制作用；此外，当木霉遭遇禾谷镰刀菌时，检测到了隐蔽型霉菌毒素3-葡萄糖苷脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(D3G)，它曾被看作是植物防御DON的解毒产物。在禾谷镰刀菌与木霉相互作用中产生D3G，本报道尚属首次，这些发现证实了当与禾谷镰刀菌竞争时，木霉跟植物一样产生了自我保护机制，将DON解毒形成了D3G。
外文摘要：Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by the Fusarium graminearum complex, which are important phytopathogens that can infect crops and lead to a serious disease called Fusarium head blight (FHB). As the most common B type trichothecene mycotoxin, DON has toxic effects on animals and humans, which poses a risk to food security. Thus, efforts have been devoted to control DON contamination in different ways. Management of DON production by Trichoderma strains as a biological control-based strategy has drawn great attention recently. In our study, eight selected Trichoderma strains were evaluated for their antagonistic activities on F. graminearum by dual culture on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. As potential antagonists, Trichoderma strains showed prominent inhibitory effects on mycelial growth and mycotoxin production of F. graminearum. In addition, the modified mycotoxin deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G), which was once regarded as a detoxification product of DON in plant defense, was detected when Trichoderma were confronted with F. graminearum. The occurrence of D3G in F. graminearum and Trichoderma interaction was reported for the first time, and these findings provide evidence that Trichoderma strains possess a self-protection mechanism as plants to detoxify DON into D3G when competing with F. graminearum.
外文关键词：mycotoxin；toxigenic Fusarium；biological control；Trichoderma；modified mycotoxin
作者：Tian, Y；Tan, YL；Liu, N；Yan, Z；Liao, YC；Chen, J；de Saeger, S；Yang, H；Zhang, QY；Wu, AB
作者单位：Univ Chinese Acad Sci
期刊名称：TOXINS
期刊影响因子：3.571
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：11
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