中文摘要：本文介绍了一种简单、快速、有效地分析转基因植物对土壤和模式生物影响的实验室方法，该方法可取代费时费力的田间试验。本文的研究主要集中在两种转基因植物的第三代：用于生产药物（PMP）和工业制造（PMI）的转基因植物。藻青素合成酶（CPHA）被选为PMI的模式，霍乱毒素B（CTB）被选为PMP的模式。研究发现，模式基因对根诱导、生长、生物量、与（根瘤菌或丛枝菌根真菌等）共生体的相互作用没有显著影响。在实验室中，转基因植物和非转基因植物非根际土壤微生物群落的结构多样性由PLFA法导出的细菌比（真菌和革兰氏阳性菌）决定。Py-FIMS分析显示，PLFA比值的显著差异与非根际土壤生物的数量和分子组成有关。
外文摘要：We introduce an easy, fast and effective method to analyze the influence of genetically modified (GM) plants on soil and model organisms in the laboratory to substitute laborious and time consuming field trials. For the studies described here we focused on two GM plants of the so-called 3rd generation: GM plants producing pharmaceuticals (PMP) and plant made industrials.(PMI). Cyanophycin synthetase (cphA) was chosen as model for PMI and Choleratoxin B (CTB) as model for PMP. The model genes are expressed in transgenic roots of composite Vicia hirsuta plants grown in petri dishes for semi-sterile growth or small containers filled with non-sterile soil. No significant influence of the model gene expression on root induction, growth, biomass, interaction with symbionts such as rhizobia (number, size and functionality of nodules, selection of nodulating strains) or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could be detected.
In vitro, but not in situ under field conditions, structural diversity of the bulk soil microbial community between transgenic and non-transgenic cultivars was determined by PLFA pattern-derived ratios of bacteria: fungi and of gram+: gram- bacteria. Significant differences in PLFA ratios were associated with dissimilarities in the quantity and molecular composition of rhizodeposits as revealed by Py-FIMS analyses.
Contrary to field trials, where small effects based on the transgene expression might be hidden by the immense influence of various environmental factors, our in vitro system can detect even minor effects and correlates them to transgene expression with less space, time and labour.
外文关键词：Risk assessment; Composite Vicia hirsuta; Agrobacterium rhizogenes; Bacteria-soil-plant interaction; Rhizosphere ecology; Root exudates; Soil
作者： Horn, Patricia; Schlichting, Andre; Baum, Christel; 等
作者单位：Univ Rostock, Agrobiotechnol
期刊名称：JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
期刊影响因子：2.667
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：2
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