中文摘要：本文以曼谷一个大型生鲜市场的91家菜贩为研究对象，在旱季通过擦拭手进行采样，采用气相色谱（GC／ECD）和液相色谱法（LC-MS）对包括有机磷农药、拟除虫菊酯和氨基甲酸酯在内的农药残留进行了提取和分析。结果显示，所有的样本均含有有机磷农药、拟除虫菊酯和氨基甲酸酯残留，残留浓度较多的是毒死蜱（0.01-0.14μg /手）和氯氰菊酯（0.42-11.64μg /手）。频繁被检测到的有涕灭威（87.2%）、呋喃丹（69.2%）、氯菊酯（63.7%）和丙溴磷（60%）。在农药残留暴露的第九十九个百分位值，平均每日剂量为2.42×10-5毫克/公斤/ 天，危险指数未超过可接受水平（0.287）。戴手套、洗手和其他手上工作相关的因素被调整后（P值小于0.05），菜贩可能就不会有工作中通过手的农药残留暴露风险。因此，适当的个人卫生习惯可考虑用于防止农药暴露和潜在的健康风险。
外文摘要：Pesticide residues (PRs) in market vegetables have been reported regularly. Greengrocers may be exposed to several sorts of PRs on vegetables through hand contact. Health risk assessment from occupational exposure to PRs on vegetables is particularly concerning. This study was conducted among 91 vegetable vendors at a large fresh market in Bangkok. Hand wipe samples were collected in the dry season to extract and analyze PRs including organophosphates (OPs), pyrethroids (PYs), and carbamates (CAs) by gas chromatography (GC-FPD/GC-ECD) and liquid chromatography (LC-MS). The results showed that all wipe samples contained OPs, PYs, and CAs, mainly chlorpyrifos (0.01-0.14 mu g/hands) and cypermethrin (0.42-11.64 mu g/hands). The frequently detected PRs were aldicarb (87.2%), carbofuran (69.2%), permethrin (63.7%), and profenofos (60.0%). At 99th percentile values of PR exposure, average daily dose was 2.42 x 10(-5) mg/kg/d and hazard index did not exceed the acceptable level (0.287). Glove wearing, hand washing, and work-related factors were significantly associated with PRs on hands after adjusted for gender (p-value < 0.05). Greengrocers may therefore not be at risk from PRs on vegetables and exposure via hands during their work. However, these findings suggest that proper personal hygiene practices among greengrocers should be considered to prevent them from PR exposure and potential health risks.
外文关键词：risk assessment, dermal exposure, pesticide residues, vegetables, greengrocers
作者：Ong-Artborirak, P.; Siriwong, W.; Robson, M. G.
作者单位：Chulalongkorn Univ, Coll Publ Hlth Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
期刊名称：HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
期刊影响因子：1.306
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：4
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