中文摘要：本文基于化学计量学工具开发了一个同时定量检测果蔬中五种不同采后使用农药（2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）、多菌灵、噻菌灵、异菌脲和咪鲜胺）的有效分析方法。本文采用Plackett-Burman试验设计对改进QuEChERS法中的萃取和净化分析的因素和响应进行了优化比较，采用中心复合设计与Derringer的期望函数联用法对重要的因素（甲苯的比例、盐酸百分比和石墨化炭黑量）进行优化。检测结果显示，食品基质中2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸、多菌灵、噻菌灵和咪鲜胺的定量限为1.0μg/kg，异菌脲定量限为1.5μg/kg。在三个加标水平下，平均回收率范围为70.4-113.9 %，相对标准差小于16.9%。采用自底向上法测定本方法的不确定度，平均值为7.6%。本方法检测结果显示，真实样本中最常检测到的农药残留为多菌灵，因此，该方法可以作为一种快速检测果蔬中五种采后使用农药残留的有效工具。
外文摘要：An effective analysis method was developed based on a chemometric tool for the simultaneous quantification of five different post-harvest pesticides (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), carbendazim, thiabendazole, iprodione, and prochloraz) in fruits and vegetables. In the modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method, the factors and responses for optimization of the extraction and cleanup analyses were compared using the Plackett-Burman (P-B) screening design. Furthermore, the significant factors (toluene percentage, hydrochloric acid (HCl) percentage, and graphitized carbon black (GCB) amount) were optimized using a central composite design (CCD) combined with Derringer's desirability function (DF). The limits of quantification (LOQs) were estimated to be 1.0 mu g/kg for 2,4-D, carbendazim, thiabendazole, and prochloraz, and 1.5 mu g/kg for iprodione in food matrices. The mean recoveries were in the range of 70.4-113.9% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 16.9% at three spiking levels. The measurement uncertainty of the analytical method was determined using the bottom-up approach, which yielded an average value of 7.6%. Carbendazim was most frequently found in real samples analyzed using the developed method. Consequently, the analytical method can serve as an advantageous and rapid tool fordetermination of five preservative pesticides in fruits and vegetables.
 
外文关键词：LIQUID-LIQUID MICROEXTRACTION; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; RESPONSE-SURFACE METHODOLOGY; SAMPLE PREPARATION METHOD; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; DESIRABILITY FUNCTION; EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN; MULTIRESIDUE METHOD; PEPPER APPLICATION; RESIDUE ANALYSIS
作者：Li, Minmin; Dai, Chao; Wang, Fengzhong; Kong, Zhiqiang; He, Yan; Huang,Ya Tao; Fan, Bei
作者单位：Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Food Sci & Technol, Lab Agroprod Qual Safety Risk Assessment, Key Lab Agroprod Proc,Minist Agr, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.
期刊名称：SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
期刊影响因子：4.259
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：2
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