中文摘要：本文调查了坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆市场上销售的主要蔬菜中的农药及其代谢物残留水平，并对市售新鲜卷心菜、菠菜和洋葱样品进行了农药残留分析。
本文采用丙酮及二氯甲烷：环己烷混合物进行提取，采用硅酸镁固体萃取柱进行净化，采用气相色谱-质谱法进行定量分析。检测结果显示，72.2%的样品中都检测到了农药及其代谢物残留，其中，p,p'-DDT、 p,p'-DDD 、o,p'-DDD、α-硫丹、β-硫丹、毒死蜱和氯氰菊酯检测到的最高残留水平分别为0.004 mg/kg、0.64 mg/kg、0.01 mg/kg、0.6 mg/kg、0.21 mg/kg、3 mg/kg和0.04 mg/kg，最频繁被检测到的农药残留是p,p'-DDD和毒死蜱，含量由多到少顺序为菠菜、甘蓝和洋葱。其中，33.3-50%的样本农药残留浓度超过了最大残留限，说明该地区的公共卫生面临一定的风险。
 
外文摘要：This study investigated the levels of pesticides and metabolites in vegetables from major markets in Dar es Salaam city, Tanzania. Samples of fresh cabbage, spinach, and onions from the markets were analysed for pesticide residues. Extraction was performed using acetone followed by dichloromethane : cyclohexane mixture and the extracts were cleaned up using Florisil. The compounds were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Pesticides and metabolites were detected in 72.2% of the samples. The detected pesticide residues and their highest mean concentrations were p,p'-DDT 4.00 x 10(-3) mg/kg, p,p'-DDD 6.40 x 10(-1) mg/kg, o,p'-DDD 1.00 x 10(-2) mg/kg, alpha-endosulfan 6.00 x 10(-1) mg/kg, beta-endosulfan 2.10 x 10(-1) mg/kg, chlorpyrifos 3.00mg/kg, and cypermethrin 4.00 x 10(-2) mg/kg. The most frequently detected compounds were p,p'-DDD and chlorpyrifos. The order of contamination was spinach > cabbage > onions. Generally, there were no significant variations in concentrations of pesticide residues among samples and sampling sites, which indicated similarities in contamination patterns. The concentrations of contaminants were above the maximum residue limits (MRLs) in 33.3-50% of the samples. The findings indicated risks and concerns for public health.
作者：John A.M.Mahugija,; Farhat A. Khamis,; Esther H. J. Lugwisha
作者单位：University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
期刊名称：International Journal of Analytical Chemistry Volume
期刊影响因子：0.0
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：2
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