中文摘要：当将转基因作物引入农业生态系统时，可能会无意中影响到昆虫与植物的相互作用。本研究的目的是在温室和气候室实验中测试抗晚疫病转基因马铃薯对桃蚜的非靶标效应，并了解在抗晚疫病转基因马铃薯中影响非靶标效应的R基因插入的位置和数量。本研究的另一个目的是比较三个常规马铃薯品种对晚疫病抗性的差异。研究发现，第一代蚜虫的发育和存活受一些转基因品种的影响，但第二代蚜虫不受转基因品种的影响；非靶标效应即不依赖于标记基因的存在，也不依赖于第二个抗性基因的插入；基因插入的位置会影响某些转基因品种对蚜虫的非靶标效应。然而，蚜虫的健康特性在常规马铃薯品种之间的差别大于转基因马铃薯。将不同的转基因马铃薯与常规马铃薯种进行比较是有意义的，因为基因插入可能会产生意想不到的效果。本文提出的方法可以用于植物与蚜虫的风险评估。
外文摘要：Insect-plant interactions may be unintentionally affected when introducing genetically modified (GM) crops into an agro-ecosystem. Our aim was to test the non-target effects of a late blight-resistant GM potato on Myzus persicae in greenhouse and climate room experiments and understand how position and number of R gene insertions can affect non-targets in GM events. We also aimed to compare results to baseline differences among three conventional potato varieties varying in resistance to late blight. Aphid development and survival were affected by some GM events in the first generation, though effects disappeared in the second generation. Effects were not dependent on the presence of a marker gene or the insertion of a second resistance gene. Positional effects of gene insertion influenced aphid performance on certain GM events. However, aphid fitness varied considerably more between conventional potato varieties than between Desiree and the GM events. Comparing different GM events to the non-transformed variety is relevant, since unintended effects of insertion can occur. Our protocols can be recommended for in planta risk assessments with aphids. Ecological perspective is gained by selecting several measured endpoints and by comparing the results with a baseline of conventional cultivars.
外文关键词：Genetic modification; Non-target testing; Greenhouse; Environmental risk assessment; Phytophthora infestans; Solanum tuberosum; Myzus persicae
作者：Lazebnik, Jenny; Arpaia, Salvatore; Baldacchino, Ferdinando; 等.
作者单位：Wageningen Univ & Res
期刊名称：JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
期刊影响因子：3.103
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：6
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