中文摘要：赤霉病（FHB）主要由禾谷镰孢复合种（FGSC）以及该属的其他种类引起，是世界范围内具有高产量损失和高真菌毒素污染的最具破坏性的谷物病害之一。本研究旨在鉴定镰孢种群，表征其毒力因子（如单端孢霉烯基因型和细胞壁降解酶（CWDEs）），并调查从伊朗戈兰斯坦省FHB小麦中分离的菌株的毒力。研究结果表明，CWDEs和单端孢霉烯作为毒力因子对病原体的毒力和侵染力具有相当大的作用。本文首次报道了单端孢霉烯和CWDEs对伊朗小麦种植区与FHB病相关的镰刀菌的毒力和侵染力的影响。
外文摘要：Fusarium head blight (FHB), mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) and also by other species of this genus, is one of the most destructive cereal diseases with high yield losses and mycotoxin contamination worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify Fusarium species, characterize their virulence factors such as trichothecene genotypes and cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs), and also investigate virulence of the isolates obtained from wheat plants with FHB symptoms in Golestan province of Iran. Among 41 isolates tested, 24 were F. graminearum sensu stricto (s.s.), six were F. proliferatum, four were F. culmorum, three isolates belonged to each of F. subglutinans and F. meridionale species and one isolate of F. asiaticum was identified. Among Fusarium isolates, the nivalenol (NIV) genotype could be found more frequently, followed by 3-acetyl deoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) genotypes. Production of trichothecenes in autoclaved rice cultures was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and confirmed by GC–MS. The mean levels of NIV, 3-ADON and 15-ADON produced by Fusarium spp. were 824, 665 and 622 μg kg−1, respectively. All Fusarium isolates were capable of producing CWDEs, mainly cellulase and xylanase. Lipase and pectinase activities appeared later and at less quantities. In overall, the isolates FH1 of F. graminearum and FH8 of F. proliferatum showed the maximum activity of CWDEs, which was correlated with high level of their virulence and aggressiveness on wheat. On the other hand, correlation was observed between the level and type of trichothecene produced by each isolate and its virulence on wheat. Virulence of trichothecene producing isolates was higher than that of non-trichothecene producing isolates. Our results suggested that CWDEs and trichothecenes, as virulence factors, have considerable roles on virulence and aggressiveness of the pathogen. This is the first report on the effect of trichothecenes and CWDEs on virulence and aggressiveness of Fusarium spp. associated with FHB disease in wheat growing regions of Iran.
外文关键词：Fusarium spp；Head blight；Trichothecenes；Cellwalldegradingenzymes；Virulence
作者： Khaledi, N； Taheri, P； Rastegar, MF
作者单位：Ferdowsi Univ Mashhad
期刊名称：EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
期刊影响因子：1.494
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：4
点击下载：对引起伊朗小麦赤霉病的镰刀菌的鉴定、毒力因子表征、致病性和侵染力分析