中文摘要：对南非豪登省家蝇（Musca domestica L）传播真菌孢子的可能性研究证明，家蝇是真菌孢子的载体。因此，有必要确定由本研究得到的真菌菌株的产毒能力并确定其产生的真菌毒素。结果发现本研究中从家蝇分离的菌株所产生的高水平霉菌毒素并不安全，特别是在考虑到国际立法规定的真菌毒素耐受水平时。因此，人类接触霉菌毒素的潜在性可能会引起对人类健康的担忧，需要持续不断的调查。
外文摘要：A study on the potential of houseflies (Musca domestica L.) to spread fungal spores in Gauteng Province, South Africa proved that houseflies are vectors for fungal spores. Therefore, there is a need to determine the toxigenic potentials and to identify the mycotoxins produced by fungal isolates derived from this study. In total 377 potentially toxigenic isolates of Aspergillus (186), Fusarium (85) and Penicillium (106) species (spp.) were isolated. These isolates were further tested for their ability to produce aflatoxins (AFs) [aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2], deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisin B1 (FB1) ochratoxin A (OTA), and zearalenone (ZEA) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) respectively. Strains of A. flavus and A. parasiticus belonging to the genera of Aspergillus were found to be the main producers of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2, while A. carbonarius, A. niger and A. ochraceus produced OTA. Fumonisin B1 was produced by F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum with concentrations ranging from 20 to 1834 μg/kg and 79 to 262 μg/kg respectively. Deoxynivalenol produced mainly by F. culmorum (2–6 μg/kg), F. graminearum (1–4 μg/kg), F. poae (1–3 μg/kg), and F. sporotrichioides (2–3 μg/kg) species was the least detected toxin in this study. The high mycotoxins levels produced in isolates from houseflies in this study are regarded as unsafe, especially when international legislated tolerance levels for mycotoxins are considered. Thus, possible human exposure to mycotoxins may pose concerns with respect to human health and demands constant and consistent investigation.
外文关键词：Houseflies；Mycotoxigenic fungi；Aspergillus；Fusarium；Penicillium High performance liquid chromatography
作者：Phoku, JZ； Barnard, TG； Potgieter, N； Dutton, MF
作者单位：Univ Johannesburg
期刊名称：ACTA TROPICA
期刊影响因子：2.38
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：4
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