中文摘要：谷物常常受到镰刀菌毒素及其植物来源的隐蔽型代谢物污染。目前对隐蔽型霉菌毒素在人肠道中的去向所知甚少。本研究评估了普通单端孢霉烯（脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、雪腐镰刀菌醇、T-2毒素）和玉米赤霉烯酮混合物（玉米赤霉烯酮、α-和β-玉米赤霉烯醇）的葡萄糖苷代谢物在人离体肠道中的代谢和转运。结果表明隐蔽型单端孢霉烯族毒素能完整地到达结肠后才被肠道菌群以母体毒素的方式释放，从而助力霉菌毒素暴露。隐蔽型玉米赤霉烯酮混合物由肠道菌群和上皮细胞进行代谢，而代谢产物的识别及毒性仍有待确定。
外文摘要：Scope：Cereal grains are commonly contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins and their plant-derived masked metabolites. The fate of masked mycotoxins in the human gut is poorly understood. Here we assess the metabolism and transport of glucoside metabolites of common trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, T-2 toxin) and zearalenone compounds (zearalenone, α- and β-zearalenol) in the human gut in vitro. Methods and results：Masked mycotoxins were incubated with artificial digestive juices and absorption was assessed in differentiated Caco-2/TC7 cells. Colonic metabolism was studied using fecal batch cultures from five donors and mycotoxins were detected using LC-MS/MS. All masked mycotoxins were stable under upper GI tract conditions and no absorption was observed. Free trichothecenes were absorbed intact whereas free zearalenone compounds were absorbed and metabolized to undetected compounds by Caco-2/TC7 cells. Human gut microbiota efficiently hydrolyzed all masked mycotoxins. Trichothecenes were fully recovered as parent mycotoxins whereas 40-70% of zearalenone compounds were further metabolized to unknown metabolites. Conclusion：Our results demonstrate that masked trichothecenes will reach the colon intact to be released as parent mycotoxins by gut microbiota, hence contributing to mycotoxin exposure. Masked zearalenone compounds are metabolized by gut microbiota and epithelial cells and the identity and toxicity of metabolites remain to be determined.
外文关键词：Caco-2；Deoxynivalenol；Glucoside；Hydrolysis；Nivalenol；HT-2 toxin
作者：Gratz, SW；Dinesh, R；Yoshinari, T；Holtrop, G；Richardson, AJ；Duncan, G；MacDonald, S；Lloyd, A；Tarbin, J
作者单位：Univ Aberdeen
期刊名称：MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
期刊影响因子：4.551
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：4
点击下载：隐蔽型单端孢霉烯和玉米赤霉烯酮毒素能经受上消化道的消化吸收但能被人离体肠道菌群有效水解