中文摘要：玉米中黄曲霉毒素的积累会极大的受到作物生长环境的影响。为了深入理解土壤肥力影响黄曲霉毒素的方式，本研究调查了生长在两种氮素处理水平下的不同玉米测交系的农艺性状和黄曲霉毒素之间的关系。实验在肯尼亚东部黄曲霉毒素病区进行，有着天然的黄曲霉接种体。研究认为黄曲霉毒素缓解策略应该包括土壤氮素修正和包含相关农艺性状选择的育种方法。
外文摘要：Aflatoxin accumulation in maize is strongly influenced by the environment in which the crop is grown. To gain insights into the ways in which soil fertility influences aflatoxin, we investigated the relationships between agronomic traits and aflatoxin in diverse maize testcrosses that were grown under two nitrogen treatment levels. The experiment was conducted in Eastern Kenya, an aflatoxin-endemic area, with natural Aspergillus flavus inoculum. A panel of 205 maize lines was grown under low soil nitrogen (Nl(ow) = 26 kg/ha applied N) in the long season of 2011 and a subset of the genotypes (n = 123) was grown under high soil nitrogen (N-high =114 kg/ha applied N) in the short season of 2010 and long season of 2011. Kernel traits, grain yield, days to anthesis, ear rot, and aflatoxin were analyzed for the panel. Grain yield, protein, and kernel bulk density were higher in maize grown under Nhigh compared to maize grown under Niow, with grain yield twice as high under Nhigh. A higher proportion of plots had grain with detectable aflatoxin under Mow than under the Nhigh. When the maize testcrosses were grciuped into three maturity categories based on days to anthesis, aflatoxin accumulation was twice as high in the late-maturing group than in the other two categories underN(low). The proportion of aflatoxin contamination was higher in dent than in flint maize. However, the extent of aflatoxin accumulation did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) over the entire testcross panel, among maize genotypes within the maturity groups or among kernel texture groups within the maturity groups. Kernel bulk density and protein content were higher in early and intermediate groups than in the late maturity group. Grain yield did not differ among the maturity groups (P > 0.05), but significant positive correlations were observed between the proportion of grain yield reduction due to low soil nitrogen stress and aflatoxin in early and late maturity groups. Kernel bulk density was negatively correlated with aflatoxin in grain. No significant association was observed between aflatoxin and ear rot or kernel size. We conclude that aflatoxin mitigation strategies should include soil nitrogen amendment and breeding approaches that include selection for the correlated agronomic traits
外文关键词：Maize; Maize maturity; Kernel traits; Soil fertility; Aflatoxin
作者：Mutiga, SK；Morales, L；Angwenyi, S；Wainaina, J
作者单位：Cornell University
期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
期刊影响因子：2.927
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：-
点击下载：肯尼亚东部两种土壤氮水平下生长的不同玉米系的农艺性状和黄曲霉毒素积累之间的联系