中文摘要：在热带国家比如海地，自给农业和简陋的贮存设施容易造成主食的产毒真菌污染和霉菌毒素积累。本研究初步评估了海地粮食中产毒真菌的出现，进而了解霉菌毒素风险和海地作物的联系。本研究的目标是确定海地作物玉米、辣木和花生种子中产毒真菌的分布进而在体外筛选出产黄曲霉毒素B1和G1的黄曲霉（ASF）菌株。本研究提供了相关的初步基准数据用于指导立法以监管低收入国家的作物质量和安全。
外文摘要：Subsistence farming and poor storage facilities favor toxigenic fungal contamination and mycotoxin accumulation in staple foods from tropical countries such as Haiti. The present preliminary study was designed to evaluate the occurrence of toxigenic fungi in Haitian foodstuffs to define the mycotoxin risk associated with Haitian crops. The objectives of this research were to determine the distribution of toxigenic fungi in the Haitian crops maize, moringa, and peanut seeds and to screen Aspergillus section Flavi (ASF) isolates for production of aflatoxins B-1 and G(1) in vitro. Maize, moringa, and peanut samples were contaminated by potential toxigenic fungal taxa, mainly ASF and Fusarium spp. The isolation frequency of Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. was influenced by locality and thus by farming systems, storage systems, and weather conditions. Particularly for ASF in peanut and maize samples, isolation frequencies were directly related to the growing season length. The present study represents the first report of contamination by toxigenic fungi and aflatoxin in moringa seeds, posing concerns about the safety of these seeds, which people in Haiti commonly consume. Most (80%) of the Haitian ASF strains were capable of producing aflatoxins, indicating that Haitian conditions clearly favor the colonization of toxigenic ASF strains over atoxigenic strains. ASF strains producing both aflatoxins B-1 and G(1) were found. Understanding the distribution of toxigenic ASF in Haitian crops and foodstuffs is important for determining accurate toxicological risks because the toxic profile of ASF is species specific. The occurrence of toxigenic fungi and the profiles of the ASF found in various crops highlight the need to prevent formation of aflatoxins in Haitian crops. This study provides relevant preliminary baseline data for guiding the development of legislation regulating the quality and safety of crops in this low-income country.
外文关键词：Aflatoxins; Arachis hypogaea; Aspergillus spp; Moringa oleifera; Zea mays
作者：Aristil, J；Venturini, G；Spada, A
作者单位：University of Milan
期刊名称：JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
期刊影响因子：1.609
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：4
点击下载：海地自给农场作物中产毒真菌的出现与曲霉菌株产黄曲霉毒素的潜力研究