中文摘要：串珠镰刀菌和黄曲霉分别导致玉米镰刀菌穗腐病（FER）和曲霉穂腐病（AER）。两种病原体都是生产者所关心的，因为它们会降低谷物产量并影响其品质。串珠镰刀菌和黄曲霉还分别通过伏马毒素和黄曲霉毒素污染玉米粒，这和人与动物霉菌毒素中毒相关。目前已经报道了对FER和AER常见抗性机制的出现。本文对抗AER和黄曲霉毒素积累的10个肯尼亚自交系进行了对FER、串珠镰刀菌定植和伏马菌素积累的抗性评估，并且将其与抗FER和伏马菌素积累的9个南非自交系进行了比较。研究表明抗AER和黄曲霉毒素积累的自交系有希望成为抗串珠镰刀菌和伏马菌素污染的来源。
外文摘要：Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus cause Fusarium ear rot (FER) and Aspergillus ear rot (AER) of maize, respectively. Both pathogens are of concern to producers as they reduce grain yield and affect quality. F. verticillioides and A. flavus also contaminate maize grain with the mycotoxins fumonisins and aflatoxins, respectively, which has been associated with mycotoxicosis in humans and animals. The occurrence of common resistance mechanisms to FER and AER has been reported. Hence, ten Kenyan inbred lines resistant to AER and aflatoxin accumulation were evaluated for resistance to FER, F.verticillioides colonisation and fumonisin accumulation; and compared to nine South African lines resistant to FER and fumonisin accumulation. Field trials were conducted at three localities in South Africa and two localities in Kenya. FER severity was determined by visual assessment, while F. verticillioides colonisation and fumonisin content were quantified by real-time PCR and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. Significant genotype x environment interactions was determined at each location (P <= 0.05).Kenyan inbred CML495 was most resistant to FER and F. verticillioides colonisation, and accumulated the lowest concentration of fumonisins across localities. It was, however, not significantly more resistant than Kenyan lines CML264 and CKL05015, and the South African line RO549 W, which also exhibited low FER severity (<= 5%), fungal target DNA (<=0.025 ng mu L-1) and fumonisin levels (<= 2.5 mg kg(-1)). Inbred lines resistant to AER and aflatoxin accumulation appear to be promising sources of resistance to F. verticillioides and fumonisin contamination.
外文关键词：Fusarium ear rot；Aspergillus ear rot； Resistance； Mycotoxins； Maize inbred lines
作者：Rose,LJ；Okoth, S；Beukes,I；Ouko,A；Mouton,M；Flett,BC；Makumbi,D； Viljoen,A
作者单位：Stellenbosch University
期刊名称：EUPHYTICA
期刊影响因子：1.618
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：4
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