中文摘要：用补饲玉米来吸引和管理鹿在得克萨斯蔚然成风。其它种类，包括美洲鹑(Colinus virginianus)，常出现在鹿补饲器周围。许多情况下，补饲会持续全年，而饲料供应店总有补饲玉米库存。天气变化和不当储存会导致和/或加重玉米的黄曲霉毒素污染。因近来在德克萨斯起伏的平原生态区美洲鹑数量减少，最近比较热门的研究就是找到导致减少的原因，如毒素。本研究从该地区19个地点购买和采集补饲玉米样品，检测黄曲霉毒素污染是否在饲喂前已经出现在各包装袋内。研究发现，购买及长期储存的补饲玉米中黄曲霉毒素水平很低，因此美洲鹑数量的减少不见得是由补饲玉米引起。
外文摘要：Supplemental feeding with corn to attract and manage deer is a common practice throughout Texas. Other species, including northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus), are commonly seen feeding around supplemental deer feeders. In many cases, supplemental feeding continues year-round so feed supply stores always have supplemental corn in stock. Fluctuating weather and improper storage of corn can lead to and/or amplify aflatoxin contamination. Due to the recent decline of bobwhites throughout the Rolling Plains ecoregion of Texas, there has been interest in finding factors such as toxins that could be linked to their decline. In this study, we purchased and sampled supplemental corn from 19 locations throughout this ecoregion to determine if aflatoxin contamination was present in individual bags prior to being dispersed to wildlife. Of the 57 bags sampled, 33 bags (approximately 58%) contained aflatoxin with a bag range between 0.0–19.91 parts per billion (ppb). Additionally, three metal and three polypropylene supplemental feeders were each filled with 45.4 kg of triple cleaned corn and placed in an open field to study long-term aflatoxin buildup. Feeders were sampled every 3 months from November 2013–November 2014. Average concentration of aflatoxin over the year was 4.08 ± 2.53 ppb (±SE) in metal feeders, and 1.43 ± 0.89 ppb (±SE) in polypropylene feeders. The concentration of aflatoxins is not affected by the type of feeder (metal vs polypropylene), the season corn was sampled, and the location in the feeder (top, middle, bottom) where corn is sampled. It is unlikely that corn used in supplemental feeders is contributing to the bobwhite decline due to the low levels of aflatoxin found in purchased corn and long-term storage of corn used in supplemental feeders.
外文关键词：Aflatoxin；Aspergillus spp.；Corn；Rolling Plains；Supplemental Feeder；Texas
作者：Dunham, NR；Peper, ST；Downing, CD；Kendall, RJ
作者单位：Texas Tech Univ
期刊名称：ECOTOXICOLOGY
期刊影响因子：2.329
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：4
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