中文摘要：强大的科学技术导致转基因作物的快速发展，从而改变了农业实践，这对环境造成了直接和间接的影响。尽管与转基因作物有关的提高产量潜力、风险和生物安全等问题是目前需要解决的基本问题。但研究者和政策制定者越来越关注转基因流所造成的一些意想不到的影响。目前的研究现状表明，转基因作物对环境造成了破坏性的影响，其改变了作物的普遍性和入侵性，出现了耐除草剂和杀虫剂的品种，转基因叠加并干扰了生物的多样性，但这些影响需要更深入的观点和批判性的研究来进一步验证。本文对转基因作物及其产品对靶标和非靶标物种的不良影响进行了总结，并揭示了与之相关的新挑战和威胁。另外，本文还认识到转基因作物对生物多样性的干扰、抗性的演变和进化与非转基因作物有点相似，并讨论了转基因作物未来的发展前景。
外文摘要：Powerful scientific techniques have caused dramatic expansion of genetically modified crops leading to altered agricultural practices posing direct and indirect environmental implications. Despite the enhanced yield potential, risks and biosafety concerns associated with such GM crops are the fundamental issues to be addressed. An increasing interest can be noted among the researchers and policy makers in exploring unintended effects of transgenes associated with gene flow, flow of naked DNA, weediness and chemical toxicity. The current state of knowledge reveals that GM crops impart damaging impacts on the environment such as modification in crop pervasiveness or invasiveness, the emergence of herbicide and insecticide tolerance, transgene stacking and disturbed biodiversity, but these impacts require a more in-depth view and critical research so as to unveil further facts. Most of the reviewed scientific resources provide similar conclusions and currently there is an insufficient amount of data available and up until today, the consumption of GM plant products are safe for consumption to a greater extent with few exceptions. This paper updates the undesirable impacts of GM crops and their products on target and non-target species and attempts to shed light on the emerging challenges and threats associated with it. Underpinning research also realizes the influence of GM crops on a disturbance in biodiversity, development of resistance and evolution slightly resembles with the effects of non-GM cultivation. Future prospects are also discussed.
外文关键词：GM plants; Environmental risks; Gene flow; Transgenes; Weediness; Toxicity
作者：Tsatsakis, Aristidis M.; Nawaz, Muhammad Amjad; Kouretas, Demetrios; 等.
作者单位：Chonnam Natl Univ
期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
期刊影响因子：3.835
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：7
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