中文摘要：转基因作物是农业生物技术产业最快被认可的商品。这种市场渗透为确保全球增长人口的粮食供应提供了可持续的基础。随着多性状堆积的转基因作物（如复合抗除草剂、抗虫性、抗旱性和抗病性）的出现，示踪和标记食物/饲料链中转基因生物的可靠、灵敏的检测方法已经变得越来越重要。基于DNA的检测方法已被成功研发，而采用NGS的全基因组测序技术为检测转基因生物和食品/饲料中的转基因作物提供了一种先进的手段。本文综述了转基因作物商业化的现状，讨论了食品和动物饲料中转基因作物常见和改进检测系统的优缺点。
外文摘要：Genetically modified (GM) crops are the fastest adopted commodities in the agribiotech industry. This market penetration should provide a sustainable basis for ensuring food supply for growing global populations. The successful completion of two decades of commercial GM crop production (1996-2015) is underscored by the increasing rate of adoption of genetic engineering technology by farmers worldwide. With the advent of introduction of multiple traits stacked together in GM crops for combined herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, drought tolerance or disease resistance, the requirement of reliable and sensitive detection methods for tracing and labeling genetically modified organisms in the food/feed chain has become increasingly important. In addition, several countries have established threshold levels for GM content which trigger legally binding labeling schemes. The labeling of GM crops is mandatory in many countries (such as China, EU, Russia, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Korea, Chile, Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand), whereas in Canada, Hong Kong, USA, South Africa, and Argentina voluntary labeling schemes operate. The rapid adoption of GM crops has increased controversies, and mitigating these issues pertaining to the implementation of effective regulatory measures for the detection of GM crops is essential. DNA-based detection methods have been successfully employed, while the whole genome sequencing using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies provides an advanced means for detecting genetically modified organisms and foods/feeds in GM crops. This review article describes the current status of GM crop commercialization and discusses the benefits and shortcomings of common and advanced detection systems for GMs in foods and animal feeds.
外文关键词：Genetically modified crops; Detection; Real-time PCR; ELISA; Next-generation sequencing; Transgenic
作者：Kamle, Madhu; Kumar, Pradeep; Patra, Jayanta Kumar; 等.
作者单位：North Eastern Reg Inst Sci & Technol
期刊名称：3 BIOTECH
期刊影响因子：1.361
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：7
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