中文摘要：已知生物防治能有效减少玉米黄曲霉毒素污染，而某些转基因玉米杂交种比同类非Bt杂交种更能减少玉米穗虫(Helicoverpa zea)的损害。本研究在两年内进行了七次田间试验来检验这个假设：结合转基因昆虫保护与生物防治，可以防止玉米受霉菌毒素污染。研究发现昆虫保护与生物防治间无显著的相互作用。虽然没有检测到协同作用，但两种策略对霉菌毒素的减少都支持它们的串联应用。如果使用这些技术能减少霉菌毒素，带来积极的经济效益，那么技术成本以外的经济因素将是主要的决定因素。
外文摘要：Biological control is known to be effective in reducing aflatoxin contamination of corn, and some transgenic corn hybrids incur reduced damage from corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea) than comparable non-Bt hybrids. We conducted seven field trials over two years to test the hypothesis that transgenic insect protection and biological control could be integrated to prevent mycotoxin contamination of corn. Corn hybrid N78N3111, expressing the highest degree of transgenic insect protection, was nearly 100 percent free from corn earworm damage and generally had less than half as much contamination from fumonisin compared to N78NGT, a near isogenic corn hybrid without insect protection. This insect protection, however, did not significantly prevent aflatoxin contamination. Soil application of non-aflatoxigenic biocontrol strains of Aspergillus flavus significantly reduced aflatoxin concentrations in corn. Biocontrol strain 21882 of A. flavus was especially effective and reduced aflatoxin contamination by about 90 percent over the seven field trials. There was no significant interaction between the insect protection and biocontrol treatments. Although no synergies were detected, the reduction of mycotoxins by both strategies supports application of both strategies in tandem. Economic factors external to the cost of the technologies will be a major determinant if the mycotoxin mitigation attained by use of these technologies will have a positive economic benefit.
外文关键词：Aflatoxin；Aspergillus flavus；Biopesticide；Bt-corn；Fumonisin；Helicoverpa zea
作者：Weaver, MA；Abbas, HK；Brewer, MJ；Pruter, LS；Little, NS
作者单位：ARS
期刊名称：CROP PROTECTION
期刊影响因子：1.652
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：8
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