中文摘要：镰刀菌引起的赤霉病（FHB），是一种降低粮食产量和质量的毁灭性病害。它们还产生霉菌毒素，严重威胁人体和动物健康。本文在分析麦粒中的真菌和谷物中镰刀菌毒素浓度的基础上，研究了单独施用NPK肥和配合叶面喷施Cu、Zn和Mn，以及Nano-Gro((R)) r有机生长刺激因子对黑麦品种Dankowskie Diament中赤霉病发生的影响。研究表明，在所研究的生长季内，7种镰刀菌引起的赤霉病的严重程度受天气状况的影响。施肥和Nano-Gro((R)) r有机生长刺激因子对谷物赤霉病发展和镰刀菌毒素（脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇，雪腐镰刀菌醇，玉米烯酮和伏马菌素）的生物合成发挥了不同的作用。
外文摘要：The fungi of the genus Fusarium cause Fusarium head blight (FHB), a devastating disease that reduces grain yield and quality. They also produce mycotoxins which may pose a serious threat to human and animal health. This study investigated the effects of NPK fertilisation, foliar application of Cu, Zn, and Mn, applied separately and in combination, and of the Nano-Gro((R)) r organic growth stimulator on the occurrence of FHB in cultivar Dankowskie Diament rye based on the mycological analysis of kernels and on the concentrations of Fusarium mycotoxins in grain. The severity of FHB caused by seven species of the genus Fusarium was influenced by weather conditions in the analysed growing seasons. The applied fertilisation and the Nano-Gro((R)) r organic growth stimulator exerted varied effects on FHB development and the biosynthesis of Fusarium mycotoxins ( deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, zearalenone and fumonisins) in grain. The greatest reduction in deoxynivalenol and nivalenol concentrations was noted in 2013, and the levels of moniliformin were lower in treated samples than in absolute control ( untreated) samples in both years of the study. The severity of FHB positively correlated with the concentrations of zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and moniliformin in the grain samples. Greater accumulation of ergosterol was noted in the rye grain harvested in 2013 than in 2012, and fertiliser treatment led to higher ergosterol concentrations than did control treatment.
外文关键词：deoxynivalenol；ergosterol；fertilisation with microelements；FHB；fumonisins；fungi；moniliformin；nivalenol；zearalenone
作者：Cwalina-Ambroziak, Bozena；Kurowski, Tomasz P.；Waskiewicz, Agnieszka等
作者单位：University of Warmia & Mazury
期刊名称：ARHIV ZA HIGIJENU RADA I TOKSIKOLOGIJU-ARCHIVES OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND TOXICOLOGY
期刊影响因子：0.971
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：1
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