中文摘要：赤霉病(FHB)和玉米茎腐病(MSR)，由禾谷镰刀菌复合菌(FGSC)引起，是全球最具破坏性和经济重要性的病害之一。本研究用系统发育分析和聚合酶链式反应单端孢化学型试验对河南发病小麦穗和玉米茎FGSC 的312个成员进行了种类识别和单端孢化学型分析。结果显示狭义的禾谷镰刀菌的15-ADON化学型是引起该地区小麦和玉米相关病害的主要病原体。
外文摘要：Fusarium head blight (FHB) and maize stalk rot (MSR), caused by members of the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC), are among the most destructive and economically important diseases in the world. Species identity and the trichothecene chemotype of 312 members of the FGSC from diseased wheat spikes and maize stalks in Henan was determined using phylogenetic analyses and a polymerase chain reaction trichothecene chemotype assay. F. graminearum sensu stricto accounted for more than 93% of the FGSC isolates associated with FHB (N = 168) and MSR (N = 130). The remaining isolates were F. asiaticum. Significant differences were found in the frequencies of the two species within the hosts (P 0.05) for wheat and maize isolates, indicating that the composition of the FGSC with respect to wheat and maize in these fields varied little. The 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) trichothecene chemotype represented 92.7 and 98.5% of isolates from wheat (N = 167) and maize (N = 130), respectively. However, the 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol chemotype was found in 6.7% of wheat isolates, and the nivalenol chemotype in 1.5% of MSR isolates and in 0.6% of FHB isolates. Mycelial growth at different concentrations of carbendazim and difenoconazole did not differ between F. graminearum sensu stricto and F. asiaticum. These results suggest that the 15-ADON chemotype of F. graminearum sensu stricto is the predominant pathogen that causes wheat- and maize-related diseases in this region.
作者：Hao, JJ；Xie, SN；Sun, J；Yang, GQ；Liu, JZ；Xu, F；Ru, YY；Song, YL
作者单位：Henan Acad Agr Sci
期刊名称：PLANT DISEASE
期刊影响因子：3.192
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：5
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