中文摘要：研究食物中的真菌污染和霉菌毒素中毒是国内外的当务之急。本研究的目的是通过评估辣椒和辣椒粉中真菌、细菌和霉菌毒素的污染程度，对罗马尼亚市场销售的最常见的香料的质量有一个总体了解。研究表明，所有香料都呈现真菌污染或霉菌毒素污染或两者兼有。香料的高湿度和高pH值是真菌生长的有利条件。一定程度上香料的售价与其理化条件和微生物学质量相关 。
外文摘要：Background: The study of fungal contamination in food and mycotoxicoses is a priority today, both internationally and nationally. The purpose of this study is to have a general view over the quality of the most common spices that are sold in Romanian markets, by assessing the degree of fungal, bacterial and mycotoxin contamination in pepper and chili powders.Methods: We tested four types of spices: white pepper, black pepper, sweet and hot chili powders from 12 different distributing companies, summing a total of 35 sample types. The fungal and bacterial load was assessed by Standard Plate Count, while the mycotoxin content by High-performance liquid chromatography. Environmental conditions (humidity, pH) and the selling price for each product were also followed.Results: Fungi were observed in 72.7% of black pepper samples, 33.3% in white pepper, 30% in sweet chili and 25% in hot chili products. The most common isolated fungus was Aspergillus spp., while Rhizopus, Mucor, Fusarium, Penicillium, Absidia species were found, in smaller percentage. Four producers (44.4%) presented fungal contamination of over 10<^>3 CFU/g and two producers (22.2%) presented no fungal contamination in their products. Bacterial contamination was found in 85.7% of the tested products, consisting mostly in Bacillus spp. Aflatoxin B1 was present in all the tested products, mostly in black pepper (mean value 126.3 ng/g); Ochratoxin A was present in sweet chili (mean value 328 ng/g) and Zearalenone in hot chili (mean value 604 ng/g) and sweet chili (mean value 382 ng/g).Conclusion: All spices presented either fungal contamination, mycotoxin contamination, or both. The high humidity and the high pH of spices represent favorable conditions for fungal growth. The selling price was partly related to the physic-chemical conditions and microbiological quality of the spices.
外文关键词：Aflatoxin B1； food microbiology； fungi； HPLC； mycotoxins； ochratoxin A； spice contaminants； zearalenone
作者：Man, A； Mare, A； Toma, F； Curticapean, A； Santacroce, L
作者单位：Univ Med & Pharm Tirgu Mures
期刊名称：ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
期刊影响因子：1.987
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：3
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