中文摘要：干红辣椒是世界上消费最多的香料之一。从农田到餐桌，辣椒经过种植、收获、干燥、加工和储存。辣椒在每个阶段均易受黄曲霉素产生菌的感染和黄曲霉毒素的后续污染。黄曲霉毒素是黄曲霉属真菌产生的高度管制的肝毒性致癌物。本研究检查了美国（US）和尼日利亚市场的辣椒中黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）的普遍程度，并确定辣椒收获后对黄曲霉毒素的易感性。结果表明，高的辣椒消费量可能带来无法接受的黄曲霉毒素暴露。
外文摘要：Dried red chilies are among the world’s most consumed spices. From farm to fork, chilies go through cropping, harvest, drying, processing and storage. Chilies are susceptible to infection by aflatoxin producing fungi and subsequent contamination by aflatoxins at every stage. Aflatoxins are highly regulated, hepatotoxic carcinogens produced by fungi in Aspergillus section Flavi. The current study examined prevalence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in chilies from markets across the United States (US) and Nigeria, and determined predisposition of chilies to aflatoxins post-harvest. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in 64% chilies from US markets (n = 169), and 93% of Nigerian chilies (n = 55) with a commercial lateral flow assay (Limit of Detection = 2 μg/kg). Two percent of US samples exceeded the aflatoxin regulatory limit of 20 μg/kg, while the highest concentration detected was 94.9 μg/kg. Aspergillus spp. could be recovered only from 40% of samples from the US, and aflatoxin levels did not correlate with quantities of Aspergillus section Flavi (Colony Forming Units g−1), suggesting fungi associated with chilies in US markets were killed during processing. Both average AFB1 concentrations and fungal quantities were significantly higher (p 1. Aflatoxin concentrations in Nigerian chilies increased as an exponential function of the quantities of Aspergillus section Flavi (r2 = 0.76). Results indicate that high rates of chili consumption may be associated with unacceptable aflatoxin exposure.
外文关键词：Aflatoxin B-1； Chili； Lateral flow assay
作者：Singh, P； Cotty, PJ
作者单位：Univ Arizona
期刊名称：FOOD CONTROL
期刊影响因子：3.388
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：5
点击下载：干红辣椒的黄曲霉毒素污染：美国和尼日利亚，两个监管执法不同的市场之间的对比