中文摘要：本研究2015年7月和11月从马拉维南部9个地区随机购买了302个干豇豆及干木豆样品，检测了其中的黄曲霉毒素污染及生物腐蚀。并阐明了浮选/洗涤操作对样品中黄曲霉毒素水平的影响。研究表明马拉维当地市场销售的豇豆和木豆，特别是没有经过浮选/洗涤操作时可能构成危害。
外文摘要：Aflatoxin contamination and biodeterioration were examined in 302 samples of dry cowpeas and pigeon peas that were randomly purchased from 9 districts of the Southern Region of Malawi during July and November 2015. Further, the impact of flotation/washing on aflatoxin levels on the pulses was elucidated. Aflatoxin analyses involved immunoaffinity column (IAC) clean-up and HPLC quantification with fluorescence detection (FLD) while legume biodeterioration assessments were done by visual inspection. Aflatoxins were frequently detected in cowpea (24%, max., 66 μg/kg) and pigeon pea (22%, max., 80 μg/kg) samples that were collected in the month of July. Lower aflatoxin incidence of 15% in cowpeas (max., 470 μg/kg) and 14% in pigeon peas (max., 377 μg/kg) was recorded in the November collection. Overall, aflatoxin levels were significantly higher in the pulses that were collected in November. However, there were no significant differences in the total aflatoxin (aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) + AFB2 + AFG1 + AFG2) levels between the two types of pulses. Remarkably, in 76.2% of the aflatoxin positive cowpea and in 41.7% of the aflatoxin positive pigeon pea samples, aflatoxin G1 concentration exceeded aflatoxin B1. Insect damage percentage averaged at 18.1 ± 18.2% (mean ± SD) in the cowpeas and 16.1 ± 19.4% in pigeon peas. Mean discolouration percentage (number of pulses) of the cowpeas and pigeon peas was found to be at 6.7 ± 4.9 and 8.7 ± 6.2%, respectively. Washing and discarding the buoyant fraction was highly efficient in reducing aflatoxin levels; only 5.2 ± 11.1% of the initial aflatoxin level was found in the cleaned samples. In conclusion, cowpeas and pigeon peas sold on the local market in Malawi may constitute a hazard especially if floatation/washing step is skipped.
外文关键词：Cowpeas；Pigeon pea；Aflatoxin；Insect damage；Discolouration；Floatation/washing；Decontamination
作者：Matumba, L；Singano, L；Pungulani, L；Mvula, N；Matumba, A；Singano, C；Matita, G
作者单位：Lilongwe Univ Agr & Nat Resources
期刊名称：MYCOTOXIN RESEARCH
期刊影响因子：2.0
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：2
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