中文摘要：霉菌毒素是真菌产生的代谢物，通过霉菌感染的作物污染食品。它们是全球严重的食品/饲料安全隐患，带来沉重的经济负担。此外，随着气候及真菌生物群的变化，对全球作物中许多可测量的含量显著的新兴霉菌毒素进行了探讨。遗憾的是目前对许多这类表征不足的霉菌毒素，包括一大群恩链孢菌素的生物利用度及毒性知之甚少。本研究提供了四种丹麦作物：2010年收获的燕麦、小麦和大麦及2011年收获的黑麦中，恩链孢菌素A、A1、B、B1及白僵菌素发生的新数据。除此之外，还报道了一种用人相关高含量肝毒性，或“quadroprobe”试验筛选霉菌毒素的细胞毒性的概念验证研究。结果表明，quadroprobe肝毒性试验可能成为一种有价值的评估自然界霉菌毒素毒性的工具。
外文摘要：Mycotoxins are fungi-born metabolites that can contaminate foods through mould-infected crops. They are a significant food/feed-safety issue across the globe and represent a substantial financial burden for the world economy. Moreover, with a changing climate and fungal biota, there is now much discussion about emerging mycotoxins that are measurable at significant levels in crops world-wide. Unfortunately, we still know very little about the bioavailability and toxic potentials of many of these less characterized mycotoxins, including the large family of enniatins. In this study, we present new occurrence data for enniatin A, A1, B, B1 and beauvericin in four Danish crops: oat, wheat, and barley from the 2010 harvest, and rye from 2011 harvest. The occurrence of the four enniatins were B > B1 > A1 > A. Enniatin B was detected in 100% of tested samples regardless of crop type. In addition to occurrence data, we report a proof-of-concept study using a human-relevant high-content hepatotoxicity, or “quadroprobe,” assay to screen mycotoxins for their cytotoxic potential. The assay was sensitive for most cytotoxic compounds in the 0.009-100 µM range. Among eight tested mycotoxins (enniatin B, beauvericin, altenariol, deoxynivalenol, aflatoxin B1, andrastin A, citrinin, and penicillic acid), enniatin B and beauvericin showed significant cytotoxicity at a concentration lower than that for aflatoxin B1, which is the archetypal acute hepatotoxic and liver-carcinogenic mycotoxin. Hence, the quadroprobe hepatotoxicity assay may become a valuable assessment tool for toxicity assessment of
mycotoxins in the future.
外文关键词：enniatins；beauvericin；cereal grains；occurrence；high content imaging；Hep-G2 cells；liver toxicity
作者：Svingen, T；Hansen, NL；Taxvig, C；Vinggaard, AM；Jensen, U；Rasmussen, PH
作者单位：Tech Univ Denmark
期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
期刊影响因子：0.0
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：2
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