中文摘要：黄曲霉毒素，是全球玉米和花生中常见的霉菌毒素，与人和动物肝癌、急性中毒及生长缺陷相关。在坦桑尼亚，葵花籽是小吃、食用油和动物饲料的来源，也是黄曲霉毒素污染的潜在来源。然而，有关黄曲霉毒素污染葵花籽及葵花饼的报道很少。本研究旨在确定从坦桑尼亚小型加工厂收集的葵花籽及葵花饼中总黄曲霉毒素的浓度。结果表明，坦桑尼亚人和动物消费微型加工厂的葵花籽及葵花饼，存在潜在的高风险的黄曲霉毒素暴露；而地点对风险有影响。
外文摘要：Aflatoxin, a mycotoxin found commonly in maize and peanuts worldwide, is associated with liver cancer, acute toxicosis, and growth impairment in humans and animals. In Tanzania, sunflower seeds are a source of snacks, cooking oil, and animal feed. These seeds are a potential source of aflatoxin contamination. However, reports on aflatoxin contamination in sunflower seeds and cakes are scarce. The objective of the current study was to determine total aflatoxin concentrations in sunflower seeds and cakes from small-scale oil processors across Tanzania. Samples of sunflower seeds (n = 90) and cakes (n = 92) were collected across two years, and analyzed for total aflatoxin concentrations using a direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For seed samples collected June-August 2014, the highest aflatoxin concentrations were from Dodoma (1.7–280.6 ng/g), Singida (1.4–261.8 ng/g), and Babati-Manyara (1.8–162.0 ng/g). The highest concentrations for cakes were from Mbeya (2.8–97.7 ng/g), Dodoma (1.9–88.2 ng/g), and Singida (2.0–34.3 ng/g). For seed samples collected August-October 2015, the highest concentrations were from Morogoro (2.8–662.7 ng/g), Singida (1.6–217.6 ng/g) and Mbeya (1.4–174.2 ng/g). The highest concentrations for cakes were from Morogoro (2.7–536.0 ng/g), Dodoma (1.4–598.4 ng/g) and Singida (3.2–52.8 ng/g). In summary, humans and animals are potentially at high risk of exposure to aflatoxins through sunflower seeds and cakes from micro-scale millers in Tanzania; and location influences risk.
作者：Mmongoyo, JA；Wu, F；Linz, JE；Nair, MG；Mugula, JK；Tempelman, RJ；Strasburg, GM
作者单位：Michigan State Univ
期刊名称：PLOS ONE
期刊影响因子：3.057
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：4
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