中文摘要：赤霉病（FHB），主要由禾谷镰刀菌引起，是巴西大麦和小麦最严重的病害之一，造成减产并产生霉菌毒素，主要是脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）及玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA），污染籽粒。本研究旨在总结2008-2015年间巴西生产的大麦和小麦商品中16,487个DON和ZEA的液相色谱-串联质谱分析的结果。据悉，这是对巴西大麦和小麦中DON和ZEA近十年监测的最全面总结。持续评估并严格检查高污染批次对保证食品安全和降低这些霉菌毒素引起的人畜健康风险必不可少。
外文摘要：Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum, is one of the most important diseases of barley and wheat in Brazil. The disease causes yield losses and contaminates grain with mycotoxins produced by the fungus, mainly deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA). The objective of this study was to summarize the results of 16,487 analyses of DON and ZEA in barley and wheat commercial grain produced in Brazil from 2008 to 2015 using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. For barley, DON and ZEA were detected in 67% and 41% of the samples, respectively, but 19% and 18% were above the maximum tolerated limits (MTL = 1250 μg/kg for DON and 100 μg/kg for ZEA). For wheat, DON and ZEA were detected in 73 and 38% with 30% and 9% of the samples above the MTL (1250 μg/kg for DON and 200 μg/kg for ZEA). The overall mean concentration of DON was 737 μg/kg in barley and 660 μg/kg in wheat. The mean yearly DON levels varied less in barley (446 μg/kg to 1114 μg/kg) compared to wheat (346 μg/kg to 1274 μg/kg). For the latter, a high peak of DON was found in 2014 when 58% of the samples were above the MTL and the toxin levels averaged 1274 μg/kg across all samples. The mean yearly concentration of ZEA was 138 and 111 μg/kg for barley and wheat, respectively, with the highest prevalence and concentration reported in 2008 and 2009, for both crops. To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive summary of DON and ZEA contamination in barley and wheat in Brazil for almost a decade of monitoring. Continuous assessment and close inspection of highly contaminated batches are essential to ensure food safety and mitigate the risk that these mycotoxins can cause to human and animal health.
外文关键词：Hordeum vulgare；Triticum aestivum；Trichothecene；Mycotoxin；Fusariumhead blight
作者：Mallmann, CA；Dilkin, P；Mallmann, AO；Oliveira, MS；Adaniya, ZNC；Tonini, C
作者单位：Univ Fed Santa Maria
期刊名称：TROPICAL PLANT PATHOLOGY
期刊影响因子：0.835
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：3
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