中文摘要：本研究旨比较不同储存湿度(水活度a(w)0.70、0.85、0.90及0.95)、温度(20、25、30摄氏度)对(a) 稻谷和糙米的呼吸率（R）及干物质损失(DML)；(b)测定从稻米中分离的黄曲霉产生黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）及(c)在这些储存条件下两种水稻类型接种黄曲霉对R、DML及AFB1污染的影响。结果表明霉菌毒素污染主食如大米的风险受到稻谷是否经过加工的影响，以及R率的测定可用于预测主食商品有关AFB1污染的风险。
外文摘要：The objective of this study was to compare the effect of different storage moisture conditions (0.70, 0.85, 0.90 and 0.95 water activity, a(w)) and temperatures (20, 25, 30 degrees C) on (a) respiration rates (R) and dry matter loss (DML) of paddy and brown rice and (b) quantify aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) production by isolates of Aspergillus flavus from the rice samples and (c) inoculation of both rice types with A. flavus under these storage conditions on R, DML and AFB1 contamination. There was an increase in temporal CO2 production with wetter and warmer conditions in naturally contaminated rice. Higher R and consequently, % DML, were generally found in the brown rice (21%) while in paddy rice this was only up to 3.5% DML. From both rice types, 15 (83.3%) of 18 A. flavus isolates produced detectable levels of AFB1 in a range 2.5 1979.6 mu g/kg. There was an increase in DML in both rice types inoculated with A. flavus as temperature and aw were increased. Interestingly very little AFB(1) was detected in paddy rice, but significant contamination occurred in the brown rice. The %DML in the control and A. flavus inoculated rice increased with temperature and aw at both 25 and 30 degrees C from 1-2% to 15-20% DML at 30 degrees C and 0.95 a, All the inoculated rice samples had AFB(1) levels above the EU legislative limits for contamination in other temperate cereals and products derived from cereals (=2 mu g/kg). Even samples with % DML as low as 0.2% had AFB(1) contamination levels twice the limits for other cereals. These results suggest that the mycotoxin contamination risk in staple commodities like rice, is influenced by whether the rice is processed or not, and that measurement of R rates can be used to predict the relative risk of AFB(1) contamination in such staple commodities.
外文关键词：Rice；Respiration；Dry matter losses；Aspergillus flavus；Aflatoxin B-1；Moisture content
作者：Castano, SM；Medina, A；Magan, N；AF Castano, Sara Martin；Medina, Angel；Magan, Naresh
作者单位：Cranfield Univ
期刊名称：JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH
期刊影响因子：1.533
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：-
点击下载：比较不同的环境条件自然储存或接种了黄曲霉的稻谷和糙米的干物质损失及黄曲霉毒素B1污染