中文摘要：黄曲霉毒素（AFs）是曲霉菌产生的有毒代谢物，在农作物、谷物、饲料和牧草中常见。AFs暴露增加人类肝癌和生长迟缓、肝损伤、免疫抑制、人与动物胚胎毒性的风险并减少动物奶、蛋和肉产量。本研究首次在真菌毒素流行病学研究中应用“同一健康”方针，将哥斯达黎加全国动物饲料和食品霉菌毒素监测计划视为一个整体，旨在确定哥斯达黎加人和动物消费的谷物、坚果和粮食中AFs的存在情况。结果发现，动物饲料及饲料原料中，仅2.5%的样品没有达到总AFs管理的要求(20mu g/kg饲料)；而在供给人消费的商品中，则有2.8%总AFs超出规定(20 mu g/kg)。在饲料和食品中，分别是玉米原料(27.8%)及白玉米(38.6%)AF最流行；在供给人消费的商品中，红豆的黄曲霉毒素浓度最高(500 mu g/kg)。
外文摘要：Afiatoxins (AFs) are toxic metabolites produced by Aspergillus spp. and commonly found in crops, grains, feedstuff, and forages. Exposure to AFs has been associated with increased risk of liver cancer and growth retardation in humans, liver damage, immunosuppression, embryotoxicity in both animals and humans, and decreased milk, egg and meat production in animals. For the first time, the Costa Rican national mycotoxin surveillance programs for animal feed and food are considered as a whole, applying the One Health approach to the mycotoxin epidemiological research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of AFs in cereals, nuts, grains intended for animal and human consumption in Costa Rica.In animal feed and feed ingredients, 970 samples were analyzed for AFs from 2010 to 2016 with an overall prevalence of positive samples of 24.0% (ranging from 0.01 to 290 mu g kg(-1)). Only 2.5% of the samples failed to comply the regulation for total AFs (20 mu g kg(-1) feed). From 5493 samples of agricultural commodities intended for human consumption analyzed from 2003 to 2015, there was an overall prevalence of AF positive samples of 10.8% (ranging from 0.48 to 500 mu g kg(-1)), and 2.8% did not comply the regulation for AFs (20 mu g kg(-1)). In both feed and food, the highest AF prevalence corresponded to corn ingredients (27.8%) and white corn (38.6%), respectively. Among the commodities intended for human consumption, red beans had the highest aflatoxin concentrations (500 mu g kg-1).
外文关键词：Aflatoxins；Cereals；Foods；Feedstuffs；One Health approach；Food chain
作者：Granados-Chinchilla, F；Molina, A；Chavarria, G；Alfaro-Cascante, M；Bogantes-Ledezma, D；Murillo-Williams, A；AF Granados-Chinchilla, Fabio
作者单位：Univ Costa Rica
期刊名称：FOOD CONTROL
期刊影响因子：3.388
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：-
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