中文摘要：黄曲霉毒素（AF）是由霉菌，黄曲霉和寄生曲霉产生的有毒代谢物，频繁污染家禽饲料原料。小鸡摄入AF污染的饲料后引起有害的影响，包括生产性能下降及产蛋量减少。此外，受精卵中AF残留会降低胚胎存活率和孵化率，带来巨大的经济损失。本研究探索了两种公认安全的植物化学物质，即香芹酚（CR）和反式肉桂醛（TC），对保护鸡胚不受AF毒性侵害的功效。结果表明CR和TC能减轻AF诱导的鸡胚毒性；但是，还需要更多的研究来阐明这种效应背后的机制。
外文摘要：Aflatoxins (AF) are toxic metabolites produced by molds, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, which frequently contaminate poultry feed ingredients. Ingestion of AF-contaminated feed by chickens leads to deleterious effects, including decreased bird performance and reduced egg production. Moreover, AF residues in fertilized eggs result in huge economic losses by decreasing embryo viability and hatchability. This study investigated the efficacy of 2 generally recognized as safe phytochemicals, namely carvacrol (CR) and trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC), in protecting chicken embryos from AF-induced toxicity. Day-old embryonated eggs were injected with 50 ng or 75 ng AF with or without 0.1% CR or TC, followed by incubation in an incubator for 18 d. Relative embryo weight, yolk sac weight, tibia weight, tibia length, and mortality were recorded on d 18 of incubation. The effect of phytochemicals and methanol (diluent) on embryo viability was also determined. Each experiment had ten treatments with 15 eggs/treatment (n = 150 eggs/experiment) and each experiment was replicated 3 times. Both phytochemicals significantly decreased AF-induced toxicity in chicken embryos. At 75 ng of AF/egg, CR and TC increased the survival of chicken embryo by similar to 55%. Moreover, CR and TC increased relative embryo weight by similar to 3.3% and 17% when compared to eggs injected with 50 ng or 75 ng AF, respectively. The growth of embryos (tibia length and weight) was improved in phytochemical-treated embryos compared to those injected with AF alone (P < 0.05). Phytochemical and methanol treatments did not adversely affect embryo survival, and other measured parameters as compared to the negative control (P > 0.05). Results from this study demonstrate that CR and TC could reduce AF-induced toxicity in chicken embryos; however, additional studies are warranted to delineate the mechanistic basis behind this effect.
外文关键词：Aflatoxin；carvacrol；trans-cinnamaldehyde；embryonated eggs
作者：Yin, HB；Chen, CH；Darre, MJ；Donoghue, AM；Donoghue, DJ；Venkitanarayanan, K；AF Yin, Hsin-Bai；Chen, Chi-Hung；Darre, Michael J.
作者单位：Univ Connecticut
期刊名称：POULTRY SCIENCE
期刊影响因子：1.685
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：10
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