中文摘要：本研究旨在通过高级分子与分析技术评估储藏麦粒中产毒真菌和真菌毒素，多重聚合酶链反应可快速识别产毒真菌；改进的液相色谱-串联质谱法可在不经过任何清理的情况下同时检测麦粒中多种霉菌毒素，优化的多重聚合酶链反应在检测各种真菌物种中表现出高度的特异性。本研究应用该方法在34个储藏麦粒样本中检测到了产毒真菌，少量样本中检测到了镰刀菌和曲霉菌；进一步的化学分析发现，17个样本中所含霉菌毒素超过检测水平，仅有6个样本中含有至少一种超过欧盟管制限的霉菌毒素，样本中最常见的霉菌毒素有黄曲霉毒素B1、伏马菌素和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇；通过多重聚合酶链反应分析的霉菌毒素生物合成基因与液相色谱-串联质谱法检测的多种霉菌毒素之间存在很高的相关性；目前的研究结果表明，两者相结合的方法可以快速、准确且敏感地对储藏麦粒中产毒真菌和霉菌毒素进行检测。
外文摘要：This study aimed to assess the occurrence of toxigenic fungi and mycotoxin contamination in stored wheat grains by using advanced molecular and analytical techniques. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) strategy was established for rapid identification of mycotoxigenic fungi, and an improved analytical method was developed for simultaneous multi-mycotoxin determination in wheat grains by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) without the need for any clean-up. The optimized multiplex PCR method was highly specific in detecting fungal species containing species-specific and mycotoxin metabolic pathway genes. The method was applied for evaluation of 34 wheat grain samples collected from storage warehouses for the presence of mycotoxin-producing fungi, and a few samples were found positive for Fusarium and Aspergillus species. Further chemical analysis revealed that 17 samples contained mycotoxins above the level of detection, but only six samples were found to be contaminated over the EU regulatory limits with at least one mycotoxin. Aflatoxin B-1, fumonisins, and deoxynivalenol were the most common toxins found in these samples. The results showed a strong correlation between the presence of mycotoxin biosynthesis genes as analyzed by multiplex PCR and mycotoxin detection by LC/MS/MS. The present findings indicate that a combined approach might provide rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection of mycotoxigenic species and mycotoxins in wheat grains.
外文关键词：toxigenic fungi, aflatoxins, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, wheat grains, multiplex PCR, LC, MS, MS
作者：Sadhasivam, Sudharsan; Britzi, Malka; Zakin, Varda; Kostyukovsky, Moshe;Trostanetsky, Anatoly; Quinn, Elazar; Sionov, Edward
作者单位：Volcani Ctr, Dept Food Qual & Safety, Inst Postharvest & Food Sci, Agr Res Org, IL-7528809 Rishon Leziyyon, Israel.
期刊名称：TOXINS
期刊影响因子：3.03
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：10
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