中文摘要：本文采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-AES）研究了转基因与非转基因高粱谷粒间矿物成分的差异，并运用微x射线荧光法（micro-PIXE）分析了组织元素映射。CP-AES法可分析各基因型全麦面粉的大部分矿物含量；同时微PIXE法可分析特定矿物成分在谷粒各组织中的局部差异。研究发现，基于ICP-AES测定的转基因与非转基因高粱谷粒间的铁、锌、钙平均含量无明显差异；基于micro-PIXE测定的转基因高粱糠层的锌含量显著低于非转基因高粱。由于本研究使用的样本量较少，因而难以得出确切的结论，但微PIXE可作为检测转基因高粱糠层锌含量降低的有效方法。由于转基因靶标蛋白高度集中在糠层的某些部位，因为锌含量降低有可能是由醇溶蛋白沉默造成的。虽然从初步的研究中还没有发现直接的健康或营养问题，但锌在谷粒的结构稳定和抗氧化因子部分起着重要的生物学作用。因此，转基因谷粒中锌含量减少的组织评估及其可能如何影响其他重要的谷粒特性均需要进一步的研究。
外文摘要：In the present study, possible differences in the mineral composition of transgenic versus non-transgenic sorghum grains were investigated using inductively coupled atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES); and, in-tissue elemental mapping by micro Proton-Induced X-ray Emission (micro-PIXE) analysis. ICP AES was used to analyse the bulk mineral content of the wholegrain flour derived from each genotype; whilst micro-PIXE was used to interrogate localised differences in mineral composition specific to certain areas of the grain, such as the bran layer and the central endosperm tissue. According to the results obtained, no significant difference in the average Fe, Zn or Ca content was found to differentiate the trans genic from the wild-type grain using ICP-AES. However, using micro-PIXE, a significant reduction in zinc could be detected in the bran layer of the transgenic grains relative to wild-type. Although it is difficult to draw firm conclusions, as a result of the small sample size used in this study, micro-PIXE has nonetheless proven itself as a useful technique for highlighting the possibility that there may be reduced levels of zinc accumulation in the bran layer of the transgenic grains. Given that the genetic modification targets proteins that are highly concentrated in certain parts of the bran tissue, it seems plausible that the reduced levels of zinc may be an unintended consequence of the silencing of kafirin proteins. Although no immediate health or nutritional concerns emerge from this preliminary finding, it is noted that zinc plays an important biological role within this part of the grain as a structural stabiliser and antioxidant factor. Further study is therefore needed to assess more definitively the extent of the apparent localised reduction in zinc in the transgenic grains and how this may affect other important grain quality characteristics. 
外文关键词：Sorghum; Transgenic; Kafirins; micro-PIXE; ICP; Minerals
作者：Ndimba, R.; Cloete, K.; Mehlo, L.; 等.
作者单位：NRF
期刊名称：NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
期刊影响因子：1.109
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：8
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