中文摘要：转基因作物在进行商业化种植之前必须要经过严格的靶标害虫潜在影响评价，本研究评价了crylAc转基因玉米对靶标害虫的寄生性天敌腰带长体茧蜂直接或间接影响。在间接测定中，敏感亚洲玉米螟品系中的腰带长体茧蜂的寄生率、蛹重、每个寄主M代腰带长体茧蜂数量显著减少，但是抗性亚洲玉米螟品系中腰带长体茧蜂的寿命参数没有显著影响，这表明，使用敏感亚洲玉米螟检测不利影响由寄主质量介导；在直接检测中，给腰带长体茧蜂成蜂直接喂食有和无crylAc杀虫蛋白的20%的蜜水对其寿命没有显著影响，但是喂食含有砷酸钾的蜜水的腰带长体茧蜂成蜂存活率和寿命均显著下降，本文通过ELISA实验和敏感昆虫生测实验测定食源crylAc杀虫蛋白和寄生吸收Cry1Ac杀虫蛋白的稳定性及生物活性，结果表明，腰带长体苗蜂对crylAc蛋白不敏感，不会产生不利影响。该试验体系还可用于评价其他转基因作物表达的杀虫蛋白对寄生蜂的潜在影响。
 
外文摘要：The potential effects of insect-resistant, genetically engineered (GE) crops on non-target organisms, especially on predators and parasitoids, must be evaluated before their commercial cultivation. The effects of GE maize that produces Cry1Ac toxin on the parasitoid Macrocentrus cingulum were assessed by direct bioassay and indirect bioassay. In the indirect bioassay, parasitism rate, cocoon weight and the number of M. cingulum progeny produced per host were significantly reduced when M. cingulum-parasitized Cry1Ac-susceptible Ostrinia furnacalis were fed a diet containing purified Cry1Ac; however, life-table parameters of M. cingulum were not adversely affected when the same assay was performed with Cry1Ac-resistant O. furnacalis. These results indicated that the detrimental effects detected with a Cry1Ac-susceptible host were mediated by poor host quality. In a direct bioassay, no difference in life-table parameters were detected when M. cingulum adults were directly fed a 20% honey solution with or without Cry1Ac; however, survival and longevity were significantly reduced when M. cingulum adults were fed a honey solution containing potassium arsenate, which was used as a positive control. The stability and bioactivity of Cry1Ac toxin in the food sources and Cry1Ac toxin uptake by the host insect and parasitoid were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and sensitive-insect bioassays. Our results demonstrate that M. cingulum is not sensitive to Cry1Ac toxin at concentrations exceeding those encountered in Bacillus thuringiensis maize fields. This study also demonstrates the power of using resistant hosts when assessing the risk of genetically modified plants on non-target organisms and will be useful for assessing other non-target impacts.
 
外文关键词：Cry1Ac toxin; ELISA; environmental risk assessment; non-target effects; parasitoids; prey/host quality-mediated effects
作者：Zeng-Xia Wang; Yun-He Li; Kang-Lai He; Shu-Xiong Bai;Tian-Tao Zhang;Wan-Zhi Cai;Zhen-Ying Wang
作者单位：State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, MOA – CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety, Institute of PlantProtection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
期刊名称：Insect Science
期刊影响因子：2.026
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：24
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