中文摘要： 本研究旨在建立鲜切生菜制备过程中六种农药残留的处理因素并评估农药残留的摄入风险。开展现场试验研究三种杀虫剂（吡虫啉、虫酰肼、氯氰菊酯）和三种杀菌剂（甲霜灵、戊唑醇、嘧菌酯）在模拟商用鲜切生菜处理条件下的耗散情况，并采用基于乙腈的QuEChERS萃取和LC-MS/MS分析验证了同时残留分析方法的有效性，现场试验残留检测量不会超过规定的最大残留量。处理因素一般都低于1（在0.34虫酰肼和0.53吡虫啉之间）；与新鲜生菜相比，整个处理过程都大大降低了农药残留水平，证实了鲜切、清洗、干燥等处理过程在减少农药残留方面的作用；本文还观察了农药透析的基质效应和建立低比例胃吸收能力的生物利用度体外研究，所有情况下的EDI / ADI比率都远远低于ADI值，鲜切生菜的膳食暴露评估结果表明其对消费者健康不会造成任何威胁。
外文摘要：The aim of this research is to establish the processing factors of six pesticides durong the preparation of fresh-cut lettuce and to assess the risk of ingestion of pesticide residues associated with the consumption of the same. A field study was carried out on the dissipation of three insecticides (imidacloprid, tebufenozide, cypermethrin) and three fungicides (metalaxyl, tebuconazole, azoxystrobin) during treatment conditions simulating those used for commercial fresh-cut lettuce. A simultaneous residue analysis method is validated using QuEChERS extraction with acetonitrile and CG-MS and LC-MS/MS analysis. The residues detected after field application never exceed the established Maximum Residue Limits. The processing factors were generally less than 1 (between 0.34 for tebufenozide and 0.53 for imidacloprid), indicating that the process, as a whole, considerably reduces residue levels in processed lettuce compared to fresh lettuce. It is confirmed that cutting, followed by washing and drying, considerably reduces the residues. A matrix effect in the dialyzation of the pesticides is observed and the in vitro study of bioavailability establishes a low percentage of stomach absorption capacity (<15%). The EDI/ADI ratios found in all cases were well below their ADI values, and the dietary exposure assessed (EDI) in fresh-cut lettuce showed no concerns for consumer health.
 
 
外文关键词：Fungicides, insecticides, lettuce, processing factors, safety evaluation
作者：Camara, Miguel A.; Barba, Alberto; Cermeno, Sandra; Martinez, Gracia; Oliva, Jose
作者单位：：Univ Murcia, Fac Chem, Dept Agr Chem, Campus Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain.
期刊名称：JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES
期刊影响因子：1.362
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：12
点击下载：鲜切处理对生菜农药残留耗散的影响：生物利用度与饮食风险