中文摘要：本文从布基纳法索湖采集蔬菜和水样本，采用改进的QuEChERS法和GC-MS与UPLC-MS/MS法分析食品中的31中农药残留，36%的样本中有7种农药（啶虫脒、呋喃丹、毒死蜱、高效氯氟氰菊酯、狄氏剂、吡虫啉和丙溴磷）残留量超过了最大残留限，超过最大残留量的食品会给消费者带来健康风险且被限制出口。为了确定每日摄入量，本文采用24小时回忆法对126名园丁进行了膳食调查，并对儿童和成人的单农药残留和累积农药残留暴露风险进行了评估。确定了毒死蜱和λ-氯氟氰菊酯的急性和慢性暴露风险，同时还验证了内分泌干扰和狄氏剂致癌物的慢性暴露风险，对于本文的研究对象来说，在最坏的情况下，儿童和成人的累积暴露风险（急性和慢性）分别大于 17% 和4%；但处理因素在很大程度上会影响风险发生率，比如简单的清洗就可以大大的减少残留暴露风险。
外文摘要：Vegetables and water samples have been collected around the lake of Loumbila in Burkina Faso. Pesticides residues in food commodities were analyzed using amodified QuEChERS extraction method prior analysis on GC-MS and UPLC-MS/MS of 31 pesticides. Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) were exceeded in 36% of the samples for seven pesticides: acetamiprid, carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, lambda-cyhalothrin, dieldrin, imidacloprid and profenofos. Exceedance of MRLs suggests a risk for the consumers and limits the opportunities of exportation. In order to define estimated daily intake, dietary surveys were conducted on 126 gardeners using a 24 hours recall method. Single pesticide and cumulative exposure risks were assessed for children and adults. Risk was identified for: chlorpyrifos and lambda- cyhalothrin in acute and chronic exposure scenarios. Hazardous chronic exposure to the endocrine disruptor and probable carcinogen dieldrin was also detected. In the studied population, cumulative dietary exposure presented a risk (acute and chronic) for children and adults in respectively > 17% and 4% of the cases when considering the worst case scenarios. Processing factor largely influenced the risk of occurrence suggesting that simple washing of vegetables with water considerably reduced the risk of hazardous exposure. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
外文关键词：Pesticides, Multiresidue analysis, Dietary intake, Admissible daily intake, Risk assessment, QuEChERS
作者：Lehmann, Edouard; Turrero, Nuria; Kolia, Marius; Konate, Yacouba; deAlencastro, Luiz Felippe
作者单位：Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Cent Environm Lab, Stn 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
期刊名称：SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
期刊影响因子：4.9
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：12
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