中文摘要：植物的光形态发生（如抑制避荫反应和脱黄化）可促使作物产量的显著增强。植物许多的光信号转导和转录因子都属于光形态反应，本文主要研究了在最重要的信号事件流中感光基因的过度表达，尤其是光敏色素、细胞色素和向光色素等为提高作物收成的转基因。在促进农作物收成中，感光细胞介导光合重要基因的调控，且产量的提高往往与干旱、盐和重金属离子等非生物胁迫相关。作为一种基因工程方法，“光生物技术”表明，作物的光合作用效率越高，其对生物和非生物胁迫的抵抗力就越强。研究结果表明，感光转基因作物的发展与感光细胞介导光合重要基因的调控等光合生物技术有关，且作物产量的提高往往受益于作物对环境胁迫的抗逆性增强。
外文摘要：The phenotypes associated with plant photomorphogenesis such as the suppressed shade avoidance response and de-etiolation offer the potential for significant enhancement of crop yields. Of many light signal transducers and transcription factors involved in the photomorphogenic responses of plants, this review focuses on the transgenic overexpression of the photoreceptor genes at the uppermost stream of the signalling events, particularly phytochromes, crytochromes and phototropins as the transgenes for the genetic engineering of crops with improved harvest yields. In promoting the harvest yields of crops, the photoreceptors mediate the light regulation of photosynthetically important genes, and the improved yields often come with the tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and heavy metal ions. As a genetic engineering approach, the term photo-biotechnology has been coined to convey the idea that the greater the photosynthetic efficiency that crop plants can be engineered to possess, the stronger the resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Development of GM crops based on photoreceptor transgenes (mainly phytochromes, crytochromes and phototropins) is reviewed with the proposal of photo-biotechnology that the photoreceptors mediate the light regulation of photosynthetically important genes, and the improved yields often come with the added benefits of crops' tolerance to environmental stresses.
外文关键词：photoreceptors; phytochromes; shade avoidance response; stress tolerance; turfgrass
作者：Ganesan, Markkandan; Lee, Hyo-Yeon; Kim, Jeong-Il; 等
作者单位：Jeju Natl Univ
期刊名称：PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
期刊影响因子：6.173
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：11
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