中文摘要：外源基因导入本地物种和野生近缘种是一个重要的生物安全问题。墨西哥地区转基因流入本地玉米品种的情况已在过去的15年进行了大量的研究。由于针对本地品种转基因检测和监测有多种方法且缺乏统一标准，因而使墨西哥转基因玉米的污染产生了正反两方面的结果。本文在墨西哥玉米转基因污染的情况下，提出了一种基于社会生物学分析的农民社区和种子管理系统的新型研究方法。两个社区被用来研究不同的社会和生物因素如何影响转基因流和转基因传播。研究发现转基因存在于其中一个社区，这表明转基因很可能存在于墨西哥玉米本地品种。研究还表明，发现转基因的程度和频率大大取决于当地社区的社会特征和种子管理系统。因此，本文建议未来对转基因存在的分析应该包括对抽样地区种子管理实践的社会研究，以便能够得出更为有力和全面的理解和结论。
外文摘要：The flow of transgenes into landraces and wild relatives is an important biosafety concern. The case of transgene flow into local maize varieties in Mexico (the center of origin of maize) has been intensively debated over the past 15years, including legal, political, and environmental disputes fanned by the existence of a significant scientific controversy over the methods used for the detection of transgenes. The use of diverse approaches and a lack of harmonized methods specific to the detection and monitoring of transgenes in landraces have generated both positive and negative results regarding contamination of Mexican maize with genetically modified material over the years. In this paper, we revisit the case of transgene contamination in Mexican maize and present a novel research approach based on socio-biological analysis of contrasting communities and seed management systems. Two communities were used to investigate how different social and biological factors can affect transgene flow and impact transgene spread in Mexico. Our results show the presence of transgenes in one community and thus support the position that transgenes are highly likely to be present in Mexican maize landraces. However, our work also demonstrates that the extent and frequency with which transgenes can be found will significantly depend on the societal characteristics and seed management systems of the local communities. Therefore, we argue that future analysis of transgene presence should include social research on the seed management practices in the sampling area so that more robust and comprehensive understandings and conclusions can be drawn.
外文关键词：biotechnology; genetically modified organisms; socio-biological analysis; transgene flow
作者：Agapito-Tenfen, Sarah; Lopez, Flor R.; Mallah, Narmeen; 等
作者单位：Siva Innovasjonssente
期刊名称：ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
期刊影响因子：2.44
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：12
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