中文摘要：本研究旨在探讨作为卡塔尔市场动物饲料的谷物中是否存在霉菌毒素和产毒真菌区系。本研究在混合谷物、玉米、小麦麸皮中分别检测到了94%和44%、70%和40%、40%和60%的黄曲霉毒素（AFS）和赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）。另外，在阳性样本中，在混合谷物、玉米中分别有20%和14%、29%和50%的AFS和OTA含量超过欧洲联盟的限制。共污染分析表明，混合谷物、玉米和大麦样品中分别有44%、40%和50%的同时受到AFs和OTA的污染。在所有测试样品中，曲霉是最主要的属，分离频率范围为67%到100%。同样，在不同的谷物样品曲霉的相对密度范围为42-71 %。研究结果表明，作为动物饲料的谷物因产毒真菌和霉菌毒素的含量而受到不同程度的污染，目前混合谷物和玉米样品受污染最严重。
外文摘要：The present study was designed to investigate the occurrence of mycotoxins and toxigenic mycobiota in cereals used as animal feed in a Qatari market. Aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) were detected in 94 and 44% of mixed cereals, 70 and 40% of maize, 40 and 60% of wheat and wheat bran samples, respectively. Among these positive samples, 20 and 14% (of mixed cereals), 29 and 50% (of maize) were found to be contaminated with levels higher than the European Union (EU) permissible limits for AFs and OTA, respectively. The co-contamination analysis showed that 44, 40 and 50% of the mixed cereals, maize and barley samples were concurrently contaminated with AFs and OTA. In all the tested samples, Aspergillus was the most predominant genus with isolation frequency ranging from 67 to 100%. Likewise, the relative density (occurrence compared to the other genera) of Aspergillus was 42-71% in the different cereals samples. Mixed cereals showed the maximum fungal load with 3 x 10(3) colony forming units/g. Based on species-specific PCR primers, among Aspergillus species, A. flavus, A. parasiticus A. niger, A. carbonarius, A. ochraceus and A. westerdijkiae were the most predominant. Most of the isolates presented the key genes for either the aflatoxigenic (omt-1, ver-1 and apa-2) or ochratoxigenic (pks) biosynthesis pathways. In spite of possessing mycotoxigenic genes, 10, 20, 17 and 50% of A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. carbonarius and A. niger isolates, respectively, did not produce any AFs or OTA in culture media. Our findings demonstrate that cereals used as animal feeds are generally contaminated with variable levels of mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins, with maximum levels being present in mixed cereals and maize samples. 
外文关键词：Cereal products; Aflatoxin; Ochratoxin A; Contaminants; Mycotoxins-producing fungi; Aspergillus
作者：Hassan, Zahoor Ul; Al-Thani, Roda Fahad; Migheli, Quirico; 等
作者单位：Qatar Univ
期刊名称：FOOD CONTROL
期刊影响因子：3.496
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：2
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