中文摘要：转基因抗草甘膦作物的出现已经改变了世界许多地区农作物的杂草控制。优良植物表型的早期、无损检测是植物育种计划的重要阶段。本文对比研究了再用草甘膦处理后2、4、6、8天后，转基因抗草甘膦玉米及其亲本野生型的性状，并利用可见光和近红外高光谱成像、叶绿素荧光成像技术监测植物的性状。本研究利用高吞吐量的无损检测方法对转基因抗草甘膦玉米进行了表型鉴定，以验证低浓度的莽草酸积累和光系统II的高光化学效率。在高光谱成像分析中，采用光谱法和化学计量法相结合的方法来预测莽草酸的浓度。研究发现，建立在最佳波长上的偏最小二乘回归模型可有效地预测莽草酸浓度；利用光谱特征可对高光谱图像中的莽草酸浓度估计值进行可视化，这有助于开发一个简单的用于无损表型检测的多光谱成像仪器。草甘膦特有的生理效应影响了玉米的光化学过程，这会引起玉米叶绿素荧光特性的显著变化。一种新的结合平均荧光参数和特征筛选的数据驱动方法可研究荧光参数与莽草酸含量之间的关系。研究结果表明，高光谱成像和叶绿素荧光成像技术可以作为玉米育种计划中应力表型检测的有用工具，并且能够利用无损高通量技术检测和评价优良基因型。
外文摘要：The development of transgenic glyphosate-tolerant crops has revolutionized weed control in crops in many regions of the world. The early, non-destructive identification of superior plant phenotypes is an important stage in plant breeding programs. Here, glyphosate-tolerant transgenic maize and its parental wild-type control were studied at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after glyphosate treatment. Visible and near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging techniques were applied to monitor the performance of plants. In our research, transgenic maize, which was highly tolerant to glyphosate, was phenotyped using these high-throughput non-destructive methods to validate low levels of shikimic acid accumulation and high photochemical efficiency of photosystem II as reflected by maximum quantum yield and non-photochemical quenching in response to glyphosate. For hyperspectral imaging analysis, the combination of spectroscopy and chemometric methods was used to predict shikimic acid concentration. Our results indicated that a partial least-squares regression model, built on optimal wavelengths, effectively predicted shikimic acid concentrations, with a coefficient of determination value of 0.79 for the calibration set, and 0.82 for the prediction set. Moreover, shikimic acid concentration estimates from hyperspectral images were visualized on the prediction maps by spectral features, which could help in developing a simple multispectral imaging instrument for non-destructive phenotyping. Specific physiological effects of glyphosate affected the photochemical processes of maize, which induced substantial changes in chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics. A new data-driven method, combining mean fluorescence parameters and featuring a screening approach, provided a satisfactory relationship between fluorescence parameters and shikimic acid content. The glyphosate-tolerant transgenic plants can be identified with the developed discrimination model established on important wavelengths or sensitive fluorescence parameters 6 days after glyphosate treatment. The overall results indicated that both hyperspectral imaging and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging techniques could provide useful tools for stress phenotyping in maize breeding programs and could enable the detection and evaluation of superior genotypes, such as glyphosate tolerance, with a non-destructive high-throughput technique.
外文关键词： chemometric analysis, chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, hyperspectral imaging, plant breeding, transgenic maize
作者：Feng, Xuping; Yu, Chenliang; Chen, Yue; Peng, Jiyun; Ye, Lanhan; Shen, Tingting; Wen, Haiyong; He, Yong
作者单位：Zhejiang Univ
期刊名称：FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
期刊影响因子：4.298
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：4
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