中文摘要：微量元素的含量和代谢对谷类植物的生长发育和最终性能具有重要意义。但是矿物毒害危害植物，微量元素缺乏也影响人体健康。转基因谷类植物的微量元素功能和生物安全性评价已成为亟待解决的关键问题。转基因谷物的生物安全问题主要包括环境友好性和最终使用安全性两大主题。目前已研究了转基因植物不同水平的基因识别、基因组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、营养组学、吸收、代谢和功能等，并在转基因植物中测定了不同水平的微量元素含量。另外，本文还进行了转基因谷物生物安全性的系统设计和分析。
外文摘要： Microelement contents and metabolism are vitally important for cereal plant growth and development as well as end-use properties. While minerals phytotoxicity harms plants, microelement deficiency also affects human health. Genetic engineering provides a promising way to solve these problems. As plants vary in abilities to uptake, transport, and accumulate minerals, and the key enzymes acting on that process is primarily presented in this review. Subsequently, microelement function and biosafety assessment of transgenic cereal plants have become a key issue to be addressed. Progress in genetic engineering of cereal plants has been made with the introduction of quality, high-yield, and resistant genes since the first transgenic rice, corn, and wheat were born in 1988, 1990, and 1992, respectively. As the biosafety issue of transgenic cereal plants has now risen to be a top concern, many studies on transgenic biosafety have been carried out. Transgenic cereal biosafety issues mainly include two subjects, environmental friendliness and end-use safety. Different levels of gene confirmation, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and nutritiomics, absorption, metabolism, and function have been investigated. Also, the different levels of microelement contents have been measured in transgenic plants. Based on the motivation of the requested biosafety, systematic designs, and analysis of transgenic cereal are also presented in this review paper.
外文关键词：biosafety, cereal, mineral, transgene, trace element
作者：Yu, Xiaofen; Luo, Qingchen; Huang, Kaixun; Yang, Guangxiao; He, Guangyuan
作者单位：Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol
期刊名称：FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
期刊影响因子：4.298
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：5
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