中文摘要：在墨西哥，非靶标节肢动物的田间评估需要符合转基因作物玉米栽培的管理过程。本文进行了两组田间试验，以对比检测抗虫抗草甘膦玉米（MON-89empty set34-3 x MON-88empty set17-3 和MON-89empty set34-3 x MON-empty setempty set6empty set3-6）、抗草甘膦玉米（MON-empty setempty set6empty set3-6）及非转基因玉米对当地非靶标节肢动物的任何潜在危害。最丰富的草食性类群包括田间蟋蟀、玉米跳甲、根虫甲虫、玉米丝蝇、蚜虫、叶蝉、植物蝽和牧草虫，而最丰富的有益类群包括土壤螨、蜘蛛、掠夺性甲虫、隐翅虫、跳虫、掠夺性耳蜗、瓢虫、食蚜蝇、寄生蝇、小花蝽、寄生蜂和草蜻蛉。通过类群分析发现，转基因玉米和非转基因玉米的非靶标节肢动物没有发现丰度差异，这表明单一或堆叠的抗虫和抗草甘膦的转基因性状对节肢动物种群没有明显的不利影响。研究结果表明，无论给定生态区总体生物多样性怎样变化，商业玉米农业生态系统内的主要草食动物、掠夺性和寄生节肢动物类群是高度相似的，这表明在一个生态区中产生的相关数据可用于在另一生态区中对相同或相似的转基因作物进行风险评估。
外文摘要：In country, non-target arthropod (NTA) field evaluations are required to comply with the regulatory process for cultivation of genetically modified (GM) maize in Mexico. Two sets of field trials, Experimental Phase and Pilot Phase, were conducted to identify any potential harm of insect-protected and glyphosate-tolerant maize (MON-89empty set34-3 x MON-88empty set17-3 and MON-89empty set34-3 x MON-empty setempty set6empty set3-6) and glyphosate-tolerant maize (MON-empty setempty set6empty set3-6) to local NTAs compared to conventional maize. NTA abundance data were collected at 32 sites, providing high geographic and environmental diversity within maize production areas from four ecological regions (ecoregions) in northern Mexico. The most abundant herbivorous taxa collected included field crickets, corn flea beetles, rootworm beetles, cornsilk flies, aphids, leafhoppers, plant bugs and thrips while the most abundant beneficial taxa captured were soil mites, spiders, predatory ground beetles, rove beetles, springtails (Collembola), predatory earwigs, ladybird beetles, syrphid flies, tachinid flies, minute pirate bugs, parasitic wasps and lacewings. Across the taxa analysed, no statistically significant differences in abundance were detected between GM maize and the conventional maize control for 69 of the 74 comparisons (93.2%) indicating that the single or stacked insect-protected and herbicide-tolerant GM traits generally exert no marked adverse effects on the arthropod populations compared with conventional maize. The distribution of taxa observed in this study provides evidence that irrespective of variations in overall biodiversity of a given ecoregion, important herbivore, predatory and parasitic arthropod taxa within the commercial maize agroecosystem are highly similar indicating that relevant data generated in one ecoregion can be transportable for the risk assessment of the same or similar GM crop in another ecoregion.
外文关键词：Bacillus thuringiensis, data transportability, environmental risk assessment, genetically modified crop, non-target arthropods
作者：Corrales Madrid, J. L.; Martinez Carrillo, J. L.; Osuna Martinez, M. B.; Duran Pompa, H. A.; Alonso Escobedo, J.; Javier Quinones, F.; Garzon Tiznado, J. A.; Castro Espinoza, L.; Zavala Garcia, F.; Espinoza Banda, A.
作者单位：Monsanto Co
期刊名称：JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY
期刊影响因子：1.629
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：6
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