中文摘要：玉米和花生黄曲霉毒素污染在加纳长期存在，对人群造成巨大的健康和经济负担。本研究首次检测了加纳三个农业生态（AEZS）主产区玉米和花生的黄曲霉毒素污染状况。此外，还研究了与两种作物相关的曲霉菌的分布及产黄曲霉毒素的能力。研究表明，需要在加纳全国实行黄曲霉毒素田间管理措施。回收的无毒L型曲霉菌是很好的遗传资源，可以用作限制加纳玉米和花生黄曲霉毒素污染的生防剂。
外文摘要：Aflatoxin contamination in maize and groundnut is perennial in Ghana with substantial health and economic burden on the population. The present study examined for the first time the prevalence of aflatoxin contamination in maize and groundnut in major producing regions across three agroecological zones (AEZs) in Ghana. Furthermore, the distribution and aflatoxin-producing potential of Aspergillus species associated with both crops were studied. Out of 509 samples (326 of maize and 183 of groundnut), 35% had detectable levels of aflatoxins. Over 15% of maize and 11% of groundnut samples exceeded the aflatoxin threshold limits set by the Ghana Standards Authority of 15 and 20 ppb, respectively. Mycoflora analyses revealed various species and morphotypes within the Aspergillus section Flavi. A total of 5,083 isolates were recovered from both crops. The L morphotype of Aspergillus flavus dominated communities with 93.3% of the population, followed by Aspergillus spp. with S morphotype (6%), A. tamarii (0.4%), and A. parasiticus (0.3%). Within the L morphotype, the proportion of toxigenic members was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of atoxigenic members across AEZs. Observed and potential aflatoxin concentrations indicate that on-field aflatoxin management strategies need to be implemented throughout Ghana. The recovered atoxigenic L morphotype fungi are genetic resources that can be employed as biocontrol agents to limit aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Ghana.
作者：Agbetiameh, D；Ortega-Beltran, A；Awuah, RT；Atehnkeng, J；Cotty, PJ；Bandyopadhyay, R
作者单位：IITA
期刊名称：PLANT DISEASE
期刊影响因子：3.192
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：4
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