中文摘要：赤霉病(FHB)是一种毁灭性病害，给全球小麦及其它小粒谷物带来较大的产量和品质损失。禾谷镰刀菌是该病害的主要致病菌，阿根廷主要是其成员F. graminearum sensu stricto。生物防治可以作为害虫综合治理策略的一部分。植物激素在植物防御系统中起着关键作用，拮抗微生物可以诱导植物激素的产生。本研究旨在评估温室条件下，不同时期的小麦穗单独或共同接种韦氏芽孢杆菌RC 218和禾谷镰刀菌对产生水杨酸（SA）、茉莉酸（JA）的作用，并评估田间条件下，韦氏芽孢杆菌RC 218及白背链霉菌RC 87B对二粒小麦小麦属变种的FHB病害发生、严重性及脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇积累的影响。研究发现，韦氏芽孢杆菌RC 218及白背链霉菌RC 87B在田间均能降低硬质小麦的FHB发病率（达30%）、严重性（达25%）及脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇积累（达51%）。
外文摘要：Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease that causes extensive yield and quality losses to wheat and other small cereal grains worldwide. Species within the Fusarium graminearum complex are the main pathogens associated with the disease, F. graminearum sensu stricto being the main pathogen in Argentina. Biocontrol can be used as part of an integrated pest management strategy. Phytohormones play a key role in the plant defense system and their production can be induced by antagonistic microorganisms. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of the inoculation of Bacillus velezensis RC 218, F. graminearum and their co-inoculation on the production of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) in wheat spikes at different periods of time under greenhouse conditions, and to evaluate the effect of B. velezensis RC 218 and Streptomyces albidoflavus RC 87B on FHB disease incidence, severity and deoxynivalenol accumulation on Triticum turgidum L. var. durum under field conditions. Under greenhouse conditions the production of JA was induced after F. graminearum inoculation at 48 and 72 h, but JA levels were reduced in the co-inoculated treatments. No differences in JA or SA levels were observed between the B. velezensis treatment and the water control. In the spikes inoculated with F. graminearum, SA production was induced early (12 h), as it was shown for initial FHB basal resistance, while JA was induced at a later stage (48 h), revealing different defense strategies at different stages of infection by the hemibiotrophic pathogen F. graminearum. Both B. velezensis RC 218 and S. albidoflavus RC 87B effectively reduced FHB incidence (up to 30%), severity (up to 25%) and deoxynivalenol accumulation (up to 51%) on durum wheat under field conditions.
外文关键词：biocontrol；durum wheat；phytohormones；wheat defense modulation
作者：Palazzini, J；Roncallo, P；Cantoro, R；Chiotta, M；Yerkovich, N；Palacios, S；Echenique, V；Torres, A；Ramirez, M；Karlovsky, P；Chulze, S
作者单位：Natl Univ Rio Cuarto
期刊名称：TOXINS
期刊影响因子：3.571
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：2
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