中文摘要：虫干和鱼干是赞比亚经济收入及膳食蛋白质的重要来源。一些黄曲霉毒素产毒菌是昆虫病原菌，采收、加工后也在昆虫和鱼上定殖。黄曲霉毒素致癌，为免疫抑制型真菌毒素，是全球食品常见的污染物。多种黄曲霉被认为是非洲农作物黄曲霉毒素污染的原因。但是，与赞比亚鱼干及食用昆虫相关的黄曲霉毒素产生菌尚不清楚，而对这些食品中黄曲霉毒素浓度的评估尚不充分。本研究通过黄曲霉毒素暴露的鱼干和食用昆虫途径，试图解决这些数据差距，以评估潜在的人类风险。研究表明，在食用前需要对鱼干和虫干妥善储存并进行测试，来减轻赞比亚人因食用它们造成的黄曲霉毒素暴露。
外文摘要： Dried insects and fish are important sources of income and dietary protein in Zambia. Some aflatoxin-producing fungi are entomopathogenic and also colonize insects and fish after harvest and processing. Aflatoxins are carcinogenic, immune-suppressing mycotoxins that are frequent food contaminants worldwide. Several species within Aspergillus section Flavi have been implicated as causal agents of aflatoxin contamination of crops in Africa. However, aflatoxin producers associated with dried fish and edible insects in Zambia remain unknown, and aflatoxin concentrations in these foods have been inadequately evaluated. The current study sought to address these data gaps to assess potential human vulnerability through the dried fish and edible insect routes of aflatoxin exposure. Caterpillars ( n = 97), termites ( n = 4), and dried fish ( n = 66) sampled in 2016 and 2017 were assayed for aflatoxin by using lateral flow immunochromatography. Average aflatoxin concentrations exceeded regulatory limits for Zambia (10 μg/kg) in the moth Gynanisa maja (11 μg/kg), the moth Gonimbrasia zambesina (Walker) (12 μg/kg), and the termite Macrotermes falciger (Gerstacker) (24 μg/kg). When samples were subjected to simulated poor storage, aflatoxins increased ( P 9 CFU/g) and aflatoxin production (mean, 63,620 μg/kg) by previously characterized toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi species, although the extent of growth and aflatoxigenicity depended on specific fungus-host combinations. The current study shows the need for proper storage and testing of dried insects and fish before consumption as measures to mitigate human exposure to aflatoxins through consumption in Zambia.
外文关键词：Aflatoxin；Aspergillus；Fish；Gonimbrasia；Insects；Zambia
作者：Kachapulula, PW；Akello, J；Bandyopadhyay, R；Cotty, PJ
作者单位：Univ Arizona
期刊名称：JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
期刊影响因子：1.609
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：9
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