中文摘要：人工干燥虽然昂贵，但能确保储藏安全，保证收获后谷物的品质。换言之，一个更具成本效益的措施是推迟收获，促进自然干燥，但这样会增加产毒穗腐病菌的污染。本研究旨在评估增加玉米收获延迟对真菌病害及伏马菌素水平的影响。研究表明，为了降低干燥成本而延迟收获可能增加巴西热带地区玉米霉菌毒素污染的风险。
外文摘要：Artificial drying, although costly, ensures a safe storage and preserves post-harvest grain quality. Alternatively, a more cost-effective measure is to delay harvest to promote natural drying, but this management may increase the risk of mycotoxigenic ear rot fungi contamination. The objective was to evaluate the effect of increasing maize harvest delay on fungal disease and fumonisin levels. Three maize hybrids (BRS1035, Attack and DKB390 YG) were sown in the field to study the effect of five harvest delays (15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days) after the optimum date (18% grain moisture). There was a significant trend of increasing the incidence of kernel rot and total fumonisins in the grains when delaying harvest, but fungal incidence and mycotoxin contamination varied with the hybrid. The main fungi detected in the grain samples were Fusarium verticillioides and Stenocarpella maydis. The hybrid DKB390 YG showed significantly lower incidence of F. verticillioides contamination and lower fumonisin accumulation in the grains than the other hybrids. The hybrid Attack was the least susceptible to kernel rot incidence. Our data shows that delaying harvest for minimizing drying costs may increase the risk of mycotoxin contamination in maize in the tropics of Brazil.
外文关键词：Fusarium verticillioides；Stenocarpella maydis；Zea mays；Mycotoxins；Ear rot
作者：da Costa, RV；Queiroz, VAV；Cota, LV；da Silva, DD；Lanza, FE；deAlmeida, REM；Pereira, AA；Alves, RR；Campos, LJM
作者单位：Embrapa Milho & Sorgo
期刊名称：TROPICAL PLANT PATHOLOGY
期刊影响因子：0.835
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：10
点击下载：自然干燥玉米籽粒的延迟收获会增大籽粒腐烂及伏马菌素污染的风险