中文摘要：牛奶是能量和营养的重要来源，对儿童来说尤其如此。在肯尼亚，牛奶摄取量高于该地区其他国家。牛奶的一个主要问题来自化学污染物风险，而牛奶中高水平黄曲霉毒素M1（AFM1）的报道引起了肯尼亚公共卫生的担忧。在一年内，本研究同消费者一样，从低收入地区的零售商和交易商及中等收入地区的大型超市中，每月收集销售的乳制品。共收集了291个乳制品样品（鲜奶、巴氏消毒奶、UHT奶、酸奶及lala），并通过商业ELISA试剂盒分析了其中 的AFM1。结果表明，消费者购买的牛奶中AFM1含量可能高于50ng/kg，接下来的研究需要通过与农民和牛奶加工厂合作，无论是在正式部门还是在非正式部门，找到减少AFM1污染的措施。
外文摘要：Milk is an important source of energy and nutrients, especially for children, and in Kenya, milk consumption is higher than other countries in the region. One major concern with milk is the risks of chemical contaminants, and reports of high levels of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk in Kenya has been causing public health concerns. This study collected marketed milk products every month during 1 year, just as a consumer would purchase them from retailers and traders in a low-income area, and a major supermarket in a middle/high-income area. In total, 291 sampled milk products (raw, pasteurised, UHT milk, yoghurt and lala) were collected and analysed for AFM1 using a commercial ELISA kit. More than 50% of the samples exceeded 50 ng/kg (the level allowed in the EU), but only three samples exceeded 500 ng/kg (the level allowed in the USA). Geometric mean AFM1 level was 61.9 ng/kg in the 135 samples from the low-income area while it was 36.1 ng/kg in the 156 from the higher income area (p 1. In conclusion, this study shows that milk purchased by a consumer is likely to contain AFM1 above 50 ng/kg, and that further research is needed to find ways to mitigate AFM1 contamination through working with farmers and milk processors both in the formal and informal sectors.
外文关键词：Mycotoxins；Food safety；East Africa；Dairy；Chemical hazard
作者：Lindahl, JF；Kagera, IN；Grace, D
作者单位：Int Livestock Res Inst
期刊名称：MYCOTOXIN RESEARCH
期刊影响因子：2.0
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：4
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