埃及干椰枣果实样品中赭曲霉毒素、伏马菌素B-2、黄曲霉毒素（B-1和B-2）及其他次生真菌代谢物共现情况的一项小调查
中文摘要：本研究旨在调查2016年从分布在上埃及Assiut省不同商店收集的28份干椰枣果实样品中295种真菌和细菌代谢物的自然共现情况。先使用稀释和芽接法，然后采用液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）分析，来进行目标分析物的提取和定量。总共检测到30种有毒的真菌代谢物。在这些代谢物中，包括赭曲霉毒素A型和B型在内的4种赭曲霉素在3个样品（11％）中被定量，赭曲霉毒素A的污染范围为1.48-6070g / kg，赭曲霉毒素B的污染范围为0.28-692g / kg。此外，在2个样品（7％）中观察到伏马菌素B-2，污染水平为4.99-16.2g / kg。在具有赭曲霉毒素的污染样品中同时检测到伏马菌素B-2表明样品在贮藏过程中受到真菌——黑曲霉物种的攻击。仅有1个样品被黄曲霉毒素B-1（14.4g / kg）和B-2（2.44g / kg）污染。最高浓度（90400 g / kg）的是污染43％样品的曲酸。据作者所知，这是对伏马菌素B-2和赭曲霉毒素A和B在椰枣果实中自然共现，以及其中广泛存在的其他真菌代谢产物的首次报道。
实际应用的真菌毒素是由不同真菌产生的次级代谢产物。这些代谢物对人类健康构成潜在风险，因为它们污染了许多食品。其中，椰枣果实是几个国家饮食中不可或缺的一部分。因此，检测霉菌毒素是确保食品安全的先决条件。本文已检测到不同类型的真菌毒素，其含量可能对健康有害。
外文摘要：This study was conducted to investigate the natural co-occurrence of 295 fungal and bacterial metabolites in 28 samples of dried date palm fruits collected from different shops distributed in Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt in 2016. Extraction and quantification of the target analytes were done using the dilute and shoot approach followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. In total, 30 toxic fungal metabolites were detected. Among these metabolites, 4 types of ochratoxins including ochratoxin type A and B were quantified in 3 samples (11%) with a contamination range from 1.48 to 6070 g/kg for ochratoxin A and from 0.28 to 692 g/kg for ochratoxin B. In addition, fumonisin B-2 was observed in 2 (7%) samples with contamination levels ranging from 4.99 to 16.2 g/kg. The simultaneous detection of fumonisin B-2 in the same contaminated samples with ochratoxins indicates the fungal attack by Aspergillus niger species during storage. Only 1 sample was contaminated with aflatoxin B-1 (14.4 g/kg) and B-2 (2.44 g/kg). The highest maximum concentration (90400 g/kg) was for kojic acid that contaminated 43% of the samples. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of the natural co-occurrence of fumonisin B-2 and ochratoxin A and B in addition to a wide range of other fungal metabolites in date palm fruits.Practical Application Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by different fungi. These metabolites pose a potential risk on human health since they contaminate many food commodities. Among these, date palm fruits which are an integral part of diet in several countries. Therefore, detection of mycotoxins is a prerequisite to insure the safety of food. Here, different types of mycotoxins have been detected in levels that may have health hazard.
外文关键词：date palm fruits；Egypt；LC-MS；MS；fumonisin B-2；ochratoxin A
作者：Abdallah, Mohamed F.；Krska, Rudolf；Sulyok, Michael
作者单位：Assiut University
期刊名称：JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
期刊影响因子：2.018
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：2
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