中文摘要：收获到贮存过程中的环境卫生是消除感染源和降低霉菌毒素真菌入侵程度从而减轻霉菌毒素污染的关键因素。本研究在埃塞俄比亚东部的哈拉玛雅（Haramaya）大学进行，旨在研究脱粒方法对高粱谷物真菌入侵和霉菌毒素污染的影响。方法包括在裸地、牛粪地面、混凝土沥青和帆布上脱粒。将脱粒的谷物以完全随机设计的方式分三批袋装储存五个月。结果表明，使用不同脱粒方法的高粱谷物样品均受到曲霉属和镰刀菌属的污染。脱粒后立即取出的样品和贮存的样品之间的真菌入侵情况存在差异。目前的工作清楚地证明了脱粒可能对高粱谷物的真菌入侵和霉菌毒素污染产生的影响。
外文摘要：Sanitation from harvest to storage is a key factor in eliminating sources of infection and reducing levels of mycotoxigenic fungal invasion, and thereby mycotoxin contamination. This study was conducted at Haramaya University, Eastern Ethiopia to investigate the effects of threshing methods on fungal invasion and mycotoxin contamination of sorghum grain. The methods included threshing on bare ground, cow-dung-painted ground, concrete asphalt and canvas. The threshed grain was kept separately in bags in three replications in a completely randomized design and stored for five months. The results revealed that all the sorghum grain samples taken from different threshing methods were contaminated with both Aspergillus and Fusarium species. There were variations in fungal invasion between samples taken immediately after threshing and stored samples. The level of Aspergillus spp. invasion was much higher in the latter in sorghum grain threshed on bare ground. The concentration of aflatoxin B-1 was gradually increased, whereas the total fumonisin concentration was decreased with the storage duration both in 2013 and 2014. On stored sorghum grain, the highest (1.97 mu g kg(-1)) and the lowest (0.70 mu g kg(-1)) mean aflatoxin B1 concentrations were recorded from sorghum grains threshed on bare ground and on canvas, respectively. Sorghum grain obtained from canvas threshing method had significantly lower mean total fumonisin content (142.5, 54.9 mu g kg(-1)) than grain from the other methods at threshing. The current work clearly demonstrated the effect that threshing might have on fungal invasion and mycotoxin contamination of sorghum grains.
外文关键词：Aflatoxin；ELISA；fumonisin；mycotoxins；sorghum
作者：Taye, Wondimeneh；Ayalew, Amare；Dejene, Mashilla等.
作者单位：Haramaya University
期刊名称：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT
期刊影响因子：1.09
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：1
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