中文摘要：水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一。在巴西，南部地区是该国稻米产量最高的地区，人日均稻米摄入量也很高。我们对霉菌，主要是产毒曲霉菌和镰刀菌种类，水稻谷粒中黄曲霉毒素B1、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和玉米赤霉烯酮的存在，以及巴西南部人民的每日估计摄入量进行了评估。从2017年不同的收获期收获的作物中收集稻谷样品。根据真菌学测试，样本在收获前后呈现出大量的真菌菌落，其中禾谷镰刀菌种复合体的发生率（52%）占显著优势。该样本可以解释玉米赤霉烯酮产生的原因，如本研究的蒸谷米中，主要是因为大多数分离菌株在稻谷收获前(77%)和经自然干燥(79%)和人工干燥（75%）收获后产生高浓度的玉米赤霉烯酮。只有玉米赤霉烯酮在分析的稻谷样本中呈现出显著结果（60%），浓度为90.56-126.31μg/kg，其中36％的样品显著高于巴西法规和欧盟委员会规定的当前最大限量。尽管如此，根据国际规定，估计巴西南部人口玉米赤霉烯酮的膳食暴露量低于国际规定暂定的最大可耐受日摄入量0.5μg/ kg（体重）/天。
外文摘要：Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops worldwide. In Brazil, the southern region is the area with the highest production of rice in the country and also has a high average daily intake of rice by the population. The mycoflora, mainly toxigenic Aspergillus and Eusarium species, the presence of AFB(1), DON and ZEA in rice grains, as well as daily intake estimates for the Southern Brazilian population were evaluated. The rice grain samples were collected during the 2017 crop from different harvest periods. According to the mycological tests, the samples presented a high count of fungal colonies in the pre and post-harvest, where the incidence of the F. grarninearum species complex (52%) was significantly predominant. This group can be responsible for ZEA production, as found in this study in parboiled rice, mainly because most of the isolated strains were producers of high ZEA levels in the pre-harvest (77%) and post-harvest after natural (79%) and artificial (75%) drying of the rice. Only ZEA showed significant results in the rice grain analyzed (60%) at levels of 90.56 to 126.31 mu g/kg, where 36% of the samples were significantly higher than the current maximum limit stipulated in Brazilian regulations and by the European Commission. Despite this, the dietary exposure of ZEA estimated for the southern Brazilian population was below the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake level of 0.5 mu g/kg body weight/day set at international regulations.
外文关键词：Rice; Toxigenic fungi; Fusarium; Zearalenone; Daily intake
作者：Savi, Geovana D.; Piacentini, Karim C.; Rocha, Liliana O.; 等.
作者单位：Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina
期刊名称：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
期刊影响因子：3.451
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：-
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