中文摘要：转基因植物在现代农业中具有提高产量和减少化学品使用的潜在好处。然而，转基因植物可能会有意想不到的基因流向本土植物或微生物，并对非靶标生物如土壤微生物群落产生不利影响。为了研究转基因植物可能的非预期效应，作者进行了为期3年的田间研究，评估携带抗黄瓜花叶病毒外壳蛋白基因的转基因辣椒H-15对土壤真菌种群和群落的影响。本文在选择性培养基上进行了平板计数、聚合酶链反应和变性梯度凝胶电泳等分析。另外，作者研究了抗黄瓜花叶病毒外壳蛋白基因从转基因辣椒H-15进入土壤环境（包括微生物）的基因流动。研究发现，转基因辣椒H-15与自交系P2377辣椒对真菌种群、真菌属分布和真菌群落的影响没有显著差异。另外，在土壤样本中没有检测出转基因辣椒H-15的抗黄瓜花叶病毒外壳蛋白基因。研究结果表明，转基因辣椒H-15对真菌种群和群落没有影响。因此，转基因辣椒H-15对保持土壤真菌多样性没有显著的不利影响；其可作为开发商业品种的潜在候选。
外文摘要：Genetically modified (GM) plants have potential benefits in modern agriculture such as increasing yields and decreasing the use of chemicals. However, GM plants may cause unintended consequences of gene flow to indigenous plants or microbes and the detrimental effects on non-target organisms such as soil microbial communities. To investigate these possible unintended effects of GM plants, we conducted a 3-year field study using the transgenic pepper line H-15 carrying the coat protein gene (CMVP0-CP) of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) pathotype CMVP0, which is resistant to two CMV pathotypes CMVP0 and CMVP1, to assess its effects on soil fungal populations and communities. This study was conducted in two different fields using the plate counting method on selective media as well as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analyses. In addition, we examined potential gene flow of CMVP0-CP from the transgenic line H-15 into the soil environment, including microflora, in the tested fields. We found little differences in the influence of the line H-15 compared with the inbred line P2377 (non-transgenic control) on the populations of fungal groups (total fungi, Aspergillus and Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., and Trichoderma spp.), distribution of fungal genera, and fungal communities. Further, coat protein gene (CMVP0-CP) (PCR detection limit in soil = 1-10 pg) of the transgenic line was not detected in the soil samples of the tested fields. Taken together, the transgenic pepper line had no distinct impact on fungal populations and communities with no detection of CMVP0-CP gene flow from the transgenic line into the soil environment of the fields. Thus, the transgenic line H-15 might be little significantly harmful from the perspective of preserving soil fungal diversity; it could be a potential candidate for developing a commercial cultivar.
外文关键词：Coat protein gene; Cucumber mosaic virus; Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; Fungal community; Gene flow; Genetically modified pepper
作者：Sang, Mee Kyung; Kim, Hong Joe; Oh, Ji Yeon; 等
作者单位：Korea Univ
期刊名称：APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
期刊影响因子：0.0
出版年份：2017
出版刊次：1
点击下载：为期3年的田间研究表明，转基因抗黄瓜花叶病毒辣椒对土壤真菌种群和群落没有影响