中文摘要：动物体内霉菌毒素的生物转化包含I型和II型代谢反应。对单端孢霉烯脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON），已报道了许多由谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶、二磷酸尿苷葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶和硫酸基转移酶催化的II型生物转化反应，分别生成谷胱甘肽-DON、葡糖苷酸-DON和硫酸盐-DON，降低了毒性并易于排出。本研究通过植物病原蚜虫模型系统，首次证明了动物转化DON，生成3-葡萄糖苷-DON(DON-3G)。这种II型生物转化机理仅在植物中有过报道。由于DON-3G比DON对蚜虫的毒性更低，这种转化被看作是一种解毒反应。显然，在小麦赤霉病发病期间，与产DON的禾谷镰刀菌共同出现的麦蚜虫(Sitobion avenae)，比豌豆蚜(Acyrthosiphon pisum)的耐DON能力更强且能更有效地将DON转化成DON-3G，豌豆蚜以豆类为食，而豆类不是禾谷镰刀菌的宿主。采用非靶向高分辨质谱法，我们检测了蚜虫中可能作为连续糖基化反应的二葡糖苷-DON。根据麦长管蚜对DON的最终协同进化适应进行了讨论。
外文摘要：Biotransformation of mycotoxins in animals comprises phase I and phase II metabolisation reactions. For the trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON), several phase II biotransformation reactions have been described resulting in DON-glutathiones, DON-glucuronides and DON-sulfates made by glutathione-S-transferases, uridine-diphosphoglucuronyl transferases and sulfotransferases, respectively. These metabolites can be easily excreted and are less toxic than their free compounds. Here, we demonstrate for the first time in the animal kingdom the conversion of DON to DON-3-glucoside (DON-3G) via a model system with plant pathogenic aphids. This phase II biotransformation mechanism has only been reported in plants. As the DON-3G metabolite was less toxic for aphids than DON, this conversion is considered a detoxification reaction. Remarkably, English grain aphids (Sitobion avenae) which co-occur with the DON producer Fusarium graminearum on wheat during the development of fusarium symptoms, tolerate DON much better and convert DON to DON-3G more efficiently than pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum), the latter being known to feed on legumes which are no host for F. graminearum. Using a non-targeted high resolution mass spectrometric approach, we detected DON-diglucosides in aphids probably as a result of sequential glucosylation reactions. Data are discussed in the light of an eventual co-evolutionary adaptation of S. avenae to DON.
作者：De Zutter, N；Audenaert, K；Arroyo-Manzanares, N；De Boevre, M；Van Poucke, C；De Saeger, S；Haesaert, G；Smagghe, G
作者单位：Univ Ghent
期刊名称：SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
期刊影响因子：5.228
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：12
点击下载：蚜虫通过动物中不明机理的II型生物转化排除脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇