中文摘要：禾谷镰刀菌是欧洲和北美赤霉病的主要致病物种，有不同的化学型，各自产生诸多霉菌毒素。雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(NIV)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)由不同的化学型菌株产生，它们对哺乳动物和植物的毒性不同。但是，每种霉菌毒素对植物寄主挥发物的作用尚不清楚。寄主挥发物可以由植食性昆虫如麦长管蚜、英国谷物蚜虫对寄主的选择进行解释。以往研究发现受产DON的禾谷镰刀菌感染的小麦能防谷物蚜虫，本研究旨在弄清病原霉菌毒素对寄主挥发物的影响。为此收集了受感染寄主的挥发物并测定了蚜虫的嗅觉。比较了受产DON和NIV的菌株以及源于产NIV的单端孢霉烯缺陷型转化株感染后寄主的挥发物。本研究确证了受感染的寄主积累了DON后产生了驱避性质。NIV积累后产生的挥发物对蚜虫具有吸引力。而当缺少NIV或NIV就是直接结果时不具有吸引力。
外文摘要：Fusarium graminearum is the predominant causal species of Fusarium head blight in Europe and North America. Different chemotypes of the species exist, each producing a plethora of mycotoxins. Isolates of differing chemotypes produce nivalenol (NIV) and deoxynivalenol (DON), which differ in toxicity to mammals and plants. However, the effect of each mycotoxin on volatile emissions of plant hosts is not known. Host volatiles are interpreted by insect herbivores such as Sitobion avenae, the English grain aphid, during host selection. Previous work has shown that grain aphids are repelled by wheat infected with DON-producing F. graminearum, and this study seeks to determine the influence of pathogen mycotoxins to host volatile chemistry. Volatile collections from infected hosts and olfactometer bioassays with alate aphids were performed. Infections with isolates that produced DON and NIV were compared, as well as a trichothecene deficient transformant derived from the NIV-producing isolate. This work confirmed the repellent nature of infected hosts with DON accumulation. NIV accumulation produced volatiles that were attractive to aphids. Attraction did not occur when NIV was absent and was, therefore, a direct consequence of NIV production.
外文关键词：deoxynivalenol；nivalenol；trichothecenes；Fusarium head bligh；aphids；volatiles
作者：Drakulic, J；Kahar, MH；Ajigboye, O；Bruce, T；Ray, RV
作者单位：Univ Nottingham
期刊名称：TOXINS
期刊影响因子：3.571
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：12
点击下载：比较脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和雪腐镰刀菌烯醇对寄主介导的禾谷镰刀菌与麦长管蚜间相互作用的影响